gps冷启动、热启动、暖启动区别

關於冷開機、暖啟動和暖開機的一種解釋 （ 轉自指北針導航）

GPS接收機的啟動時間是一個目前比較混亂，同時如果不具備一定的GPS知識比較難以理解的一個概念。本文借助於外文的一些解釋，希望能夠用比較簡單的語言讓GPS愛好者們加深認識。關於幾個啟動時間的解釋也只是一家之言，大家還可以進一步探討。GPS的啟動是一個比較有趣的話題，因為通過這個話題，可以作為深入瞭解GPS專業知識的一個門徑。

Hot Start - The GPS receiver remembers its lastcalculated position and which satellites were in view, the almanac used, andthe UTC Time. It then performs a reset and attempts to acquire satellites andcalculate a new position based upon the previous information. This is thequickest re-acquisition of a GPS lock.
暖開機--GPS接收機保存有其最後計算的可視衛星的位置、almanac(曆書)和UTC時間，在重啟以後，GPS接收機以保存的上述內容為基礎獲取和計算當前衛星的最新位置。

Warm Start - The GPS receiver remembers its lastcalculated position, almanac used, and knows the UTC Time, but not whichsatellites were in view. It then performs a reset and attempts to obtain thesatellite signals and calculate a new position. The receiver has a general ideaof which satellites to look for because it knows its last position and thealmanac helps identify which satellites are visible in the sky. This takeslonger than a Hot Start but not as long as a Cold Start.
暖啟動--GPS接收機保存有最後計算的衛星的位置、曆書和UTC時間，但保存的內容不是當前可視衛星的資料。GPS接收機重啟以後嘗試去獲得當前衛星和信號並計算其新位置。接收機基於其最後的位置和曆書得以大概知道當前天空中的可視衛星。

Cold Start - The GPS receiver dumps all informationand resets. It then attempts to locate satellites and then calculate a GPSlock. This takes the longest because there is no known information. The GPSreceiver has to attempt to lock a satellite signal from all of the satellites,basically like polling, which takes a lot longer than knowing which satellitesto look for. This re-acquisition of a GPS lock takes the longest.
冷開機：GPS接收機清空了所有歷史資訊並重啟，然後它嘗試定位並鎖定衛星，由於沒有先前資訊，這將花去很長的時間。GPS接收機採用類似於輪詢的方法，從所有的衛星中鎖定信號，這將比事前知道該搜索哪些衛星要慢不少。這一類重新獲取鎖定要花最長的時間。

比較和小結
暖開機就是啟動時可視的衛星資訊和之前保存的資訊是基本一致的。
暖啟動和暖開機的區別在於經管也保存了之前的衛星資訊，可視搜星的時候可視衛星（當前衛星）並不是以前記憶的資訊的衛星，但是保存的歷史資訊仍然有利於快速定位當前衛星。
冷開機，最好理解，就是在沒有歷史資訊的情況下一個一個輪詢的方式搜星定位，所需時間最長。

關鍵名詞解釋：Almanac 和Ephemeris
The satellites broadcast two types of data, Almanacand Ephemeris.
Almanac data is course orbital parameters for allSVs. Each SV broadcasts Almanac data for ALL SVs. This Almanac data is not veryprecise and is considered valid for up to several months.
Almanac 資料是反映所有衛星狀況的比較粗略的軌道參數，每一個衛星都會廣播所有衛星的Almanac資料，這類資料不是十分精確，有效期長達幾個月。

Ephemeris data by comparison is very preciseorbital and clock correction for each SV and is necessary for precise positioning.EACH SV broadcasts ONLY its own Ephemeris data. This data is valid for a periodof time (maybe several hours) as determined by information contained in thebroadcast. The Ephemeris data is broadcast by each SV every 30 seconds.
Ephemeris 資料相比之下是十分精確的軌道和時鐘糾正資訊，每一顆衛星只會廣播自己的Ephemeris資料，這類資料的有效期或許有幾個小時（取決於廣播資訊的包含的內容）。Ephemeris資料每隔30秒廣播一次。
以上不足之處敬請補充完善。