java导入导出excel操作(jxl)

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 17:51:46 发布

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文章标签： excel java 工作 string file exception

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/huanbinzhou333/article/details/2489637

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http://kingsui.javaeye.com/blog/154712

网站上对它的特征有如下描述： ● 支持Excel 95-2000的所有版本 ● 生成Excel 2000标准格式 ● 支持字体、数字、日期操作 ● 能够修饰单元格属性 ● 支持图像和图表应该说以上功能已经能够大致满足我们的需要。最关键的是这套API是纯Java的，并不依赖Windows系统，即使运行在Linux下，它同样能够正确的处理Excel文件。另外需要说明的是，这套API对图形和图表的支持很有限，而且仅仅识别PNG格式。搭建环境将下载后的文件解包，得到jxl.jar，放入classpath，安装就完成了。基本操作一、创建文件拟生成一个名为“测试数据.xls”的Excel文件，其中第一个工作表被命名为“第一页”，大致效果如下： Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class CreateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //open file. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //create Sheet named "Sheet_1". 0 means this is 1st page. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_1", 0); //define cell column and row in Label Constructor, and cell content write "test". //cell is 1st-Column,1st-Row. value is "test". Label label = new Label(0, 0, "test"); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(label); //create cell using add numeric. WARN:necessarily use integrated package-path, otherwise will be throws path-error. //cell is 2nd-Column, 1st-Row. value is 789.123. jxl.write.Number number = new jxl.write.Number(1, 0, 789.123); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(number); //add defined all cell above to case. book.write(); //close file case. book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class CreateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //open file. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //create Sheet named "Sheet_1". 0 means this is 1st page. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_1", 0); //define cell column and row in Label Constructor, and cell content write "test". //cell is 1st-Column,1st-Row. value is "test". Label label = new Label(0, 0, "test"); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(label); //create cell using add numeric. WARN:necessarily use integrated package-path, otherwise will be throws path-error. //cell is 2nd-Column, 1st-Row. value is 789.123. jxl.write.Number number = new jxl.write.Number(1, 0, 789.123); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(number); //add defined all cell above to case. book.write(); //close file case. book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class CreateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //open file. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //create Sheet named "Sheet_1". 0 means this is 1st page. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_1", 0); //define cell column and row in Label Constructor, and cell content write "test". //cell is 1st-Column,1st-Row. value is "test". Label label = new Label(0, 0, "test"); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(label); //create cell using add numeric. WARN:necessarily use integrated package-path, otherwise will be throws path-error. //cell is 2nd-Column, 1st-Row. value is 789.123. jxl.write.Number number = new jxl.write.Number(1, 0, 789.123); //add defined cell above to sheet instance. sheet.addCell(number); //add defined all cell above to case. book.write(); //close file case. book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }编译执行后，会在当前位置产生一个Excel文件。二、读取文件以刚才我们创建的Excel文件为例，做一个简单的读取操作，程序代码如下： Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class ReadXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Workbook book = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //get a Sheet object. Sheet sheet = book.getSheet(0); //get 1st-Column,1st-Row content. Cell cell = sheet.getCell(0, 0); String result = cell.getContents(); System.out.println(result); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class ReadXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Workbook book = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //get a Sheet object. Sheet sheet = book.getSheet(0); //get 1st-Column,1st-Row content. Cell cell = sheet.getCell(0, 0); String result = cell.getContents(); System.out.println(result); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class ReadXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Workbook book = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //get a Sheet object. Sheet sheet = book.getSheet(0); //get 1st-Column,1st-Row content. Cell cell = sheet.getCell(0, 0); String result = cell.getContents(); System.out.println(result); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }程序执行结果：test 三、修改文件利用jExcelAPI可以修改已有的Excel文件，修改Excel文件的时候，除了打开文件的方式不同之外，其他操作和创建Excel是一样的。下面的例子是在我们已经生成的Excel文件中添加一个工作表：修改Excel的类，添加一个工作表 Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class UpdateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //get file. Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //open a copy file(new file), then write content with same content with Test.xls. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls"), wb); //add a Sheet. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_2", 1); sheet.addCell(new Label(0, 0, "test2")); book.write(); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Java代码 /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class UpdateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //get file. Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //open a copy file(new file), then write content with same content with Test.xls. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls"), wb); //add a Sheet. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_2", 1); sheet.addCell(new Label(0, 0, "test2")); book.write(); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /* * Created on Dec 30, 2007 * * To change the template for this generated file go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ package JExcelTest.standard; import java.io.*; import jxl.*; import jxl.write.*; /** * @author Ken * * To change the template for this generated type comment go to * Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments */ public class UpdateXLS { public static void main(String[] args) { try { //get file. Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls")); //open a copy file(new file), then write content with same content with Test.xls. WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("d:/Test.xls"), wb); //add a Sheet. WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet("Sheet_2", 1); sheet.addCell(new Label(0, 0, "test2")); book.write(); book.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }高级操作一、数据格式化在Excel中不涉及复杂的数据类型，能够比较好的处理字串、数字和日期已经能够满足一般的应用。字串格式化字符串的格式化涉及到的是字体、粗细、字号等元素，这些功能主要由WritableFont和WritableCellFormat类来负责。假设我们在生成一个含有字串的单元格时，使用如下语句，为方便叙述，我们为每一行命令加了编号： WritableFont font1= new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,16,WritableFont.BOLD); 或 //设置字体格式为excel支持的格式 WritableFont font3=new WritableFont(WritableFont.createFont("楷体_GB2312"),12,WritableFont.NO_BOLD ); ① WritableCellFormat format1=new WritableCellFormat(font1); ② Label label=new Label(0,0,”data 4 test”,format1) ③ 其中 I.指定了字串格式：字体为TIMES，字号16，加粗显示。WritableFont有非常丰富的构造子，供不同情况下使用，jExcelAPI的java-doc中有详细列表，这里不再列出。 II.处代码使用了WritableCellFormat类，这个类非常重要，通过它可以指定单元格的各种属性，后面的单元格格式化中会有更多描述。 III.处使用了Label类的构造子，指定了字串被赋予那种格式。在WritableCellFormat类中，还有一个很重要的方法是指定数据的对齐方式，比如针对我们上面的实例，可以指定： //把水平对齐方式指定为居中 format1.setAlignment(jxl.format.Alignment.CENTRE); //把垂直对齐方式指定为居中 format1.setVerticalAlignment(jxl.format.VerticalAlignment.CENTRE); //设置自动换行 format1.setWrap(true); 二、单元格操作 Excel中很重要的一部分是对单元格的操作，比如行高、列宽、单元格合并等，所幸jExcelAPI提供了这些支持。这些操作相对比较简单，下面只介绍一下相关的API。 1、合并单元格 WritableSheet.mergeCells(int m,int n,int p,int q); 作用是从(m,n)到(p,q)的单元格全部合并，比如： WritableSheet sheet=book.createSheet(“第一页”,0); //合并第一列第一行到第六列第一行的所有单元格 sheet.mergeCells(0,0,5,0); 合并既可以是横向的，也可以是纵向的。合并后的单元格不能再次进行合并，否则会触发异常。 2、行高和列宽 WritableSheet.setRowView(int i,int height); 作用是指定第i+1行的高度，比如： //将第一行的高度设为200 sheet.setRowView(0,200); WritableSheet.setColumnView(int i,int width); 作用是指定第i+1列的宽度，比如： //将第一列的宽度设为30 sheet.setColumnView(0,30); 三、操作图片 Java代码 public static void write()throws Exception{ WritableWorkbook wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("c:/1.xls")); WritableSheet ws=wwb.createSheet("Test Sheet 1",0); File file=new File("C://jbproject//PVS//WebRoot//weekhit//1109496996281.png"); WritableImage image=new WritableImage(1, 4, 6, 18,file); ws.addImage(image); wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } Java代码 public static void write()throws Exception{ WritableWorkbook wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("c:/1.xls")); WritableSheet ws=wwb.createSheet("Test Sheet 1",0); File file=new File("C://jbproject//PVS//WebRoot//weekhit//1109496996281.png"); WritableImage image=new WritableImage(1, 4, 6, 18,file); ws.addImage(image); wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } public static void write()throws Exception{ WritableWorkbook wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("c:/1.xls")); WritableSheet ws=wwb.createSheet("Test Sheet 1",0); File file=new File("C://jbproject//PVS//WebRoot//weekhit//1109496996281.png"); WritableImage image=new WritableImage(1, 4, 6, 18,file); ws.addImage(image); wwb.write(); wwb.close(); }很简单和插入单元格的方式一样，不过就是参数多了些，WritableImage这个类继承了Draw，上面只是他构造方法的一种，最后一个参数不用了说了，前面四个参数的类型都是double，依次是 x, y, width, height,注意，这里的宽和高可不是图片的宽和高，而是图片所要占的单位格的个数，因为继承的Draw所以他的类型必须是double，具体里面怎么实现的我还没细看：）因为着急赶活，先完成功能，其他的以后有时间慢慢研究。以后会继续写出在使用中的心得给大家。读: 读的时候是这样的一个思路,先用一个输入流(InputStream)得到Excel文件,然后用jxl中的Workbook得到工作薄,用Sheet从工作薄中得到工作表,用Cell得到工作表中得某个单元格. InputStream->Workbook->Sheet->Cell,就得到了excel文件中的单元格 Java代码 String path="c://excel.xls";//Excel文件URL InputStream is = new FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream jxl.Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(is); //得到工作薄 jxl.Sheet st = wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表 Cell cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1 String content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串 wb.close();//关闭工作薄 is.close();//关闭输入流 Java代码 String path="c://excel.xls";//Excel文件URL InputStream is = new FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream jxl.Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(is); //得到工作薄 jxl.Sheet st = wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表 Cell cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1 String content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串 wb.close();//关闭工作薄 is.close();//关闭输入流 String path="c://excel.xls";//Excel文件URL InputStream is = new FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream jxl.Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(is); //得到工作薄 jxl.Sheet st = wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表 Cell cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1 String content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串 wb.close();//关闭工作薄 is.close();//关闭输入流我们可以通过Sheet的getCell(x,y)方法得到任意一个单元格,x,y和excel中的坐标对应. 例如A1对应(0,0),A2对应(0,1),D3对应(3,2).Excel中坐标从A,1开始,jxl中全部是从0开始. 还可以通过Sheet的getRows(),getColumns()方法得到行数列数,并用于循环控制,输出一个sheet中的所有内容. 写: 往Excel中写入内容主要是用jxl.write包中的类. 思路是这样的: OutputStream<-WritableWorkbook<-WritableSheet<-Label 这里面Label代表的是写入Sheet的Cell位置及内容. Java代码 OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("c://test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄 WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1", 0);//创建可写工作表 Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置和内容 ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中 Label的构造函数Label(int x, int y,String aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容. WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 12, WritableFont.BOLD, false);//设置写入字体 WritableCellFormat wcfF = new WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式 Label的另一构造函数Label(int c, int r, String cont, CellFormat st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性. 现在可以写了 wwb.write(); 写完后关闭 wwb.close(); 输出流也关闭吧 os.close; Java代码 OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("c://test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄 WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1", 0);//创建可写工作表 Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置和内容 ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中 Label的构造函数Label(int x, int y,String aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容. WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 12, WritableFont.BOLD, false);//设置写入字体 WritableCellFormat wcfF = new WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式 Label的另一构造函数Label(int c, int r, String cont, CellFormat st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性. 现在可以写了 wwb.write(); 写完后关闭 wwb.close(); 输出流也关闭吧 os.close; OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("c://test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄 WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1", 0);//创建可写工作表 Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置和内容 ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中 Label的构造函数Label(int x, int y,String aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容. WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 12, WritableFont.BOLD, false);//设置写入字体 WritableCellFormat wcfF = new WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式 Label的另一构造函数Label(int c, int r, String cont, CellFormat st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性. 现在可以写了 wwb.write(); 写完后关闭 wwb.close(); 输出流也关闭吧 os.close;OK,只要把读和写结合起来,就可以在N个Excel中读取数据写入你希望的Excel新表中,还是比较方便的. 下面是程序一例: Java代码 sql = "select * from tablename"; rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql); //新建Excel文件 String filePath=request.getRealPath("aaa.xls"); File myFilePath=new File(filePath); if(!myFilePath.exists()) myFilePath.createNewFile(); FileWriter resultFile=new FileWriter(myFilePath); PrintWriter myFile=new PrintWriter(resultFile); resultFile.close(); //用JXL向新建的文件中添加内容 OutputStream outf = new FileOutputStream(filePath); jxl.write.WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(outf); jxl.write.WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheettest", 0); int i=0; int j=0; for (int k = 0; k < rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); k++) { ws.addCell(new Label(k,0,rs.getMetaData().getColumnName(k+1))); } while(rs.next()){ out.println(rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount()); for (int k = 0; k < rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); k++) { ws.addCell(new Label(k,j+i+1,rs.getString(k+1))); } i++; } wwb.write(); wwb.close(); }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} finally{ rs.close(); conn.close(); } response.sendRedirect("aaa.xls");