libxml C语言写xml文档

1. 示例源码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libxml/encoding.h>
#include <libxml/xmlwriter.h>

#define MY_ENCODING "ISO-8859-1"

xmlChar *ConvertInput(const char *in, const char *encoding);
void testXmlwriterFilename(const char *uri);

void
testXmlwriterFilename(const char *uri)
{
    int rc;
    xmlTextWriterPtr writer;
    xmlChar *tmp;

    /* Create a new XmlWriter for uri, with no compression. */
    writer = xmlNewTextWriterFilename(uri, 0);
    if (writer == NULL) {
        printf("testXmlwriterFilename: Error creating the xml writer\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start the document with the xml default for the version,
     * encoding ISO 8859-1 and the default for the standalone
     * declaration. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartDocument(writer, NULL, MY_ENCODING, NULL);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartDocument\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start an element named "EXAMPLE". Since thist is the first
     * element, this will be the root element of the document. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "EXAMPLE");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write a comment as child of EXAMPLE.
     * Please observe, that the input to the xmlTextWriter functions
     * HAS to be in UTF-8, even if the output XML is encoded
     * in iso-8859-1 */
    tmp = ConvertInput("This is a comment with special chars: love",
                       MY_ENCODING);
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteComment(writer, tmp);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteComment\n");
        return;
    }
    if (tmp != NULL) xmlFree(tmp);

    /* Start an element named "ORDER" as child of EXAMPLE. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ORDER");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Add an attribute with name "version" and value "1.0" to ORDER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteAttribute(writer, BAD_CAST "version",
                                     BAD_CAST "1.0");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteAttribute\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Add an attribute with name "xml:lang" and value "de" to ORDER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteAttribute(writer, BAD_CAST "xml:lang",
                                     BAD_CAST "English");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteAttribute\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write a comment as child of ORDER */
    tmp = ConvertInput("hate", MY_ENCODING);
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteFormatComment(writer,
		     "This is another comment with special chars: %s",
		     tmp);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteFormatComment\n");
        return;
    }
    if (tmp != NULL) xmlFree(tmp);

    /* Start an element named "HEADER" as child of ORDER. */
	// 开始写入HEADER结点
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "HEADER");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "X_ORDER_ID" as child of HEADER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement(writer, BAD_CAST "X_ORDER_ID",
                                         "%010d", 53535);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "CUSTOMER_ID" as child of HEADER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement(writer, BAD_CAST "CUSTOMER_ID",
                                         "%d", 1010);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "NAME_1" as child of HEADER. */
    tmp = ConvertInput("Muller", MY_ENCODING);
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteElement(writer, BAD_CAST "NAME_1", tmp);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteElement\n");
        return;
    }
    if (tmp != NULL) xmlFree(tmp);

    /* Write an element named "NAME_2" as child of HEADER. */
    tmp = ConvertInput("Jorge", MY_ENCODING);
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteElement(writer, BAD_CAST "NAME_2", tmp);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteElement\n");
        return;
    }
    if (tmp != NULL) xmlFree(tmp);

    /* Close the element named HEADER. */
	// 停止写入HEADER结点
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndElement(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start an element named "ENTRIES" as child of ORDER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ENTRIES");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start an element named "ENTRY" as child of ENTRIES. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ENTRY");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "ARTICLE" as child of ENTRY. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ARTICLE",
                                   BAD_CAST "<Test>");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "ENTRY_NO" as child of ENTRY. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ENTRY_NO", "%d",
                                         10);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Close the element named ENTRY. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndElement(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start an element named "ENTRY" as child of ENTRIES. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ENTRY");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "ARTICLE" as child of ENTRY. */
	// 写入一个元素
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ARTICLE",
                                   BAD_CAST "<Test 2>");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "ENTRY_NO" as child of ENTRY. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement(writer, BAD_CAST "ENTRY_NO", "%d",
                                         20);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteFormatElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Close the element named ENTRY. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndElement(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Close the element named ENTRIES. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndElement(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Start an element named "FOOTER" as child of ORDER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterStartElement(writer, BAD_CAST "FOOTER");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterStartElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Write an element named "TEXT" as child of FOOTER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterWriteElement(writer, BAD_CAST "TEXT",
                                   BAD_CAST "This is a text.");
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterWriteElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Close the element named FOOTER. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndElement(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndElement\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Here we could close the elements ORDER and EXAMPLE using the
     * function xmlTextWriterEndElement, but since we do not want to
     * write any other elements, we simply call xmlTextWriterEndDocument,
     * which will do all the work. */
    rc = xmlTextWriterEndDocument(writer);
    if (rc < 0) {
        printf
            ("testXmlwriterFilename: Error at xmlTextWriterEndDocument\n");
        return;
    }

    xmlFreeTextWriter(writer);
}

xmlChar *
ConvertInput(const char *in, const char *encoding)
{
    xmlChar *out;
    int ret;
    int size;
    int out_size;
    int temp;
    xmlCharEncodingHandlerPtr handler;

    if (in == 0)
        return 0;

    handler = xmlFindCharEncodingHandler(encoding);

    if (!handler) {
        printf("ConvertInput: no encoding handler found for '%s'\n",
               encoding ? encoding : "");
        return 0;
    }

    size = (int) strlen(in) + 1;
    out_size = size * 2 - 1;
    out = (unsigned char *) xmlMalloc((size_t) out_size);

    if (out != 0) {
        temp = size - 1;
        ret = handler->input(out, &out_size, (const xmlChar *) in, &temp);
        if ((ret < 0) || (temp - size + 1)) {
            if (ret < 0) {
                printf("ConvertInput: conversion wasn't successful.\n");
            } else {
                printf
                    ("ConvertInput: conversion wasn't successful. converted: %i octets.\n",
                     temp);
            }

            xmlFree(out);
            out = 0;
        } else {
            out = (unsigned char *) xmlRealloc(out, out_size + 1);
            out[out_size] = 0;  /*null terminating out */
        }
    } else {
        printf("ConvertInput: no mem\n");
    }

    return out;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv) {
/*    if (argc != 2) {
		printf("Parameter too litter!\n");
        return(1);
	}*/

    /*
     * this initialize the library and check potential ABI mismatches
     * between the version it was compiled for and the actual shared
     * library used.
     */
    LIBXML_TEST_VERSION

	testXmlwriterFilename(argv[1]);

    /*
     * Cleanup function for the XML library
     */
    xmlCleanupParser();
    /*
     * this is to debug memory for regression tests
     */
    xmlMemoryDump();
    return(0);
}

2. 运行

./xml_writer writer.xml

3. 输出文档writer.xml

writer.xml内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<EXAMPLE>
<!-- This is a comment with special chars: love -->
<ORDER version="1.0" xml:lang="English">
<!-- This is another comment with special chars: hate -->
<HEADER>
<X_ORDER_ID>0000053535</X_ORDER_ID>
<CUSTOMER_ID>1010</CUSTOMER_ID>
<NAME_1>Muller</NAME_1>
<NAME_2>Jorge</NAME_2>
</HEADER>
<ENTRIES>
<ENTRY>
<ARTICLE><Test></ARTICLE>
<ENTRY_NO>10</ENTRY_NO>
</ENTRY>
<ENTRY>
<ARTICLE><Test 2></ARTICLE>
<ENTRY_NO>20</ENTRY_NO>
</ENTRY>
</ENTRIES>
<FOOTER>
<TEXT>This is a text.</TEXT>
</FOOTER>
</ORDER>
</EXAMPLE>