XML转换成JSON (C#版)

原文地址：http://www.phdcc.com/xml2json.htm

前戏：

在转换XML数据到JSON时，我们先来看一下，出现的情况和转换的规则：

第一种情况：

XML	JSON
<xx yy='nn'></xx>	{ "xx": {"yy":"nn"} }
<xx yy=''></xx>	{ "xx": {"yy":""} }

第二种情况：

XML	JSON
<xx/>	{ "xx":null }

第三中情况：

XML	JSON
<xx>yyy</xx>	{ "xx":"yyy" }

第四种情况：

XML	JSON
<xx yy='nn'><mm>zzz</mm></xx>	{ "xx": {"yy":"nn", "mm":"zzz"} }
<xx yy='nn'><mm>zzz</mm><mm>aaa</mm></xx>	{ "xx": {"yy":"nn", "mm": [ "zzz", "aaa" ] } }
<xx><mm>zzz</mm>some text</xx>	{ "xx": {"mm":"zzz", "value":"some text"} }
<xx value='yyy'>some text<mm>zzz</mm>more text</xx>	{ "xx": {"mm":"zzz", "value": [ "yyy", "some text", "more text" ] } }

第五种情况：

XML	JSON
<aa>/z'z"z\yyy<aa><	{"aa": "\/z\u0027z\"z\\yyy" }

 接下来提供的代码，您可以尝试使用一下。

这个代码提供了一个方法私有静态字符串XmlToJSON(xmlDoc XmlDocument)转换为一个JSON字符串的XmlDocument。代码遍历每个XML元素,它的属性和孩子,创建相应的JSON对象。

源码：

private static string XmlToJSON(XmlDocument xmlDoc)
{
    StringBuilder sbJSON = new StringBuilder();
    sbJSON.Append("{ ");
    XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, xmlDoc.DocumentElement, true);
    sbJSON.Append("}");
    return sbJSON.ToString();
}

//  XmlToJSONnode:  Output an XmlElement, possibly as part of a higher array
private static void XmlToJSONnode(StringBuilder sbJSON, XmlElement node, bool showNodeName)
{
    if (showNodeName)
        sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(node.Name) + "\": ");
    sbJSON.Append("{");
    // Build a sorted list of key-value pairs
    //  where   key is case-sensitive nodeName
    //          value is an ArrayList of string or XmlElement
    //  so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
    SortedList childNodeNames = new SortedList();
    //  Add in all node attributes
    if( node.Attributes!=null)
        foreach (XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes)
            StoreChildNode(childNodeNames,attr.Name,attr.InnerText);
    //  Add in all nodes
    foreach (XmlNode cnode in node.ChildNodes)
    {
        if (cnode is XmlText)
            StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, "value", cnode.InnerText);
        else if (cnode is XmlElement)
            StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, cnode.Name, cnode);
    }
    // Now output all stored info
    foreach (string childname in childNodeNames.Keys)
    {
        ArrayList alChild = (ArrayList)childNodeNames[childname];
        if (alChild.Count == 1)
            OutputNode(childname, alChild[0], sbJSON, true);
        else
        {
            sbJSON.Append(" \"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": [ ");
            foreach (object Child in alChild)
                OutputNode(childname, Child, sbJSON, false);
            sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
            sbJSON.Append(" ], ");
        }
    }
    sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
    sbJSON.Append(" }");
}

//  StoreChildNode: Store data associated with each nodeName
//                  so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
private static void StoreChildNode(SortedList childNodeNames, string nodeName, object nodeValue)
{
	// Pre-process contraction of XmlElement-s
    if (nodeValue is XmlElement)
    {
        // Convert  <aa></aa> into "aa":null
        //          <aa>xx</aa> into "aa":"xx"
        XmlNode cnode = (XmlNode)nodeValue;
        if( cnode.Attributes.Count == 0)
        {
            XmlNodeList children = cnode.ChildNodes;
            if( children.Count==0)
                nodeValue = null;
            else if (children.Count == 1 && (children[0] is XmlText))
                nodeValue = ((XmlText)(children[0])).InnerText;
        }
    }
    // Add nodeValue to ArrayList associated with each nodeName
    // If nodeName doesn't exist then add it
    object oValuesAL = childNodeNames[nodeName];
    ArrayList ValuesAL;
    if (oValuesAL == null)
    {
        ValuesAL = new ArrayList();
        childNodeNames[nodeName] = ValuesAL;
    }
    else
        ValuesAL = (ArrayList)oValuesAL;
    ValuesAL.Add(nodeValue);
}

private static void OutputNode(string childname, object alChild, StringBuilder sbJSON, bool showNodeName)
{
    if (alChild == null)
    {
        if (showNodeName)
            sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
        sbJSON.Append("null");
    }
    else if (alChild is string)
    {
        if (showNodeName)
            sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
        string sChild = (string)alChild;
        sChild = sChild.Trim();
        sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(sChild) + "\"");
    }
    else
        XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, (XmlElement)alChild, showNodeName);
    sbJSON.Append(", ");
}

// Make a string safe for JSON
private static string SafeJSON(string sIn)
{
    StringBuilder sbOut = new StringBuilder(sIn.Length);
    foreach (char ch in sIn)
    {
        if (Char.IsControl(ch) || ch == '\'')
        {
            int ich = (int)ch;
            sbOut.Append(@"\u" + ich.ToString("x4"));
            continue;
        }
        else if (ch == '\"' || ch == '\\' || ch == '/')
        {
            sbOut.Append('\\');
        }
        sbOut.Append(ch);
    }
    return sbOut.ToString();
}

使用方法：

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
    try
    {
        string path = Server.MapPath(".");
        doc.Load(path+"whatever.xml");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        lblError.Text = ex.ToString();
        return;
    }
    // Convert XML to a JSON string
    string JSON = XmlToJSON(doc);
        // Replace \ with \\ because string is being decoded twice
    JSON = JSON.Replace(@"\", @"\\");
        // Insert code to process JSON at end of page
    ClientScriptManager cs = Page.ClientScript;
    cs.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "SpaceJSON", "space_processJSON('" + JSON + "');", true);
}