系统定位

1. 定位

locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // TODO: Consider calling
        return;
}
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, minTime, minDistance, new LocationListener() {
    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        locationManager.removeUpdates(this);  
        stopSelf();
    }

    @Override
    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

    }
});

以上是定位一次的例子，通过getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE)获取定位服务，使用requestLocationUpdates添加监听，监听有两种类型：网络和GPS。onLocationChanged获取定位结果，本例子中在获取位置后移除监听并停止了服务；onProviderEnabled和onProviderDisabled获取系统设置中当前provirder是否可用，可以在这里提示用户进行设置。

2. 定位方式优化

网络定位较快，但精度不够，室内的时候通常误差在几十米左右，GPS精度在几米，但需要在室外，受环境影响较大。
参考这篇文章，但发现当从室外移到室内的时候onStatusChanged不能及时监听到状态变化，所以我选择添加计时器的方式来自动添加网络定位。

整个定位的策略：
1. 添加网络和GPS两个定位监听；
2. 首先接收网络定位结果；
3. GPS定位结果返回后，移除网络定位监听并开始计时；
4. 当GPS超过一定时间（监听最小时间间隔的两倍）没有返回结果时，添加网络定位监听；
5. 当GPS定位恢复时，返回步骤3。

代码：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private MapView mMapView;
    private Button mButton;
    private TextView mTextView1;
    private TextView mTextView2;
    LocationManager locationManager;
    GraphicsLayer mGraphicsLayer;
    int minTime = 1000;
    int minDistance = 0;
    Time oldTime = new Time();
    Handler mHandler;
    private boolean isRemove = false;//判断网络监听是否移除

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.dingwei_bt);
        mTextView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv1);
        mTextView2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv2);
        mMapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.map);
        mMapView.addLayer(TLayerFactory.Tdt_Vect_base());
        mGraphicsLayer = new GraphicsLayer();
        mMapView.addLayer(mGraphicsLayer);
        mButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
                if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    // TODO: Consider calling
                    return;
                }
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, minTime, minDistance, NETLocationListener);
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, minTime, minDistance, GPSLocationListener);
            }
        });
        mHandler = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() {
            @Override
            public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
                if (msg.what == 1) {
                    Log.i("hhhhh", "handleMessage: "+msg);
                    if (oldTime == null) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    Time now = new Time();
                    now.setToNow();
                    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        // TODO: Consider calling
                        //    ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
                        // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
                        //   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
                        //                                          int[] grantResults)
                        // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
                        // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
                        return false;
                    }
                    if (isRemove && now.toMillis(false) - oldTime.toMillis(false) > minTime*2) {
                        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, minTime, minDistance, NETLocationListener);
                        isRemove=false;
                    }else {
                        new Thread(new TimerThread()).start();
                    }
                }
                return false;
            }
        });
    }

    LocationListener GPSLocationListener = new LocationListener() {

        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            Log.i("hhhhh", "onLocationChanged: ");
            if (location != null) {
                oldTime.setToNow();
                mTextView1.setText("GPS\n" + location.toString());
                mMapView.centerAt(location.getLatitude(),location.getLongitude(),true);
                mMapView.setScale(TLayer.SCALES[17]);
                mGraphicsLayer.removeAll();
                mGraphicsLayer.addGraphic(new Graphic(new Point(location.getLongitude(),location.getLatitude()),
                        new SimpleMarkerSymbol(Color.RED,10, SimpleMarkerSymbol.STYLE.CIRCLE)));
                if (!isRemove) {
                    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        // TODO: Consider calling
                        return;
                    }
                    locationManager.removeUpdates(NETLocationListener);
                    isRemove=true;
                    mTextView2.setText("");
                    new Thread(new TimerThread()).start();
                }

            }

        }

        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS"+provider+"定位不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };
    LocationListener NETLocationListener=new LocationListener() {
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            mTextView1.setText("");
            mTextView2.setText("NET\n"+location.toString());
            mMapView.centerAt(location.getLatitude(),location.getLongitude(),true);
            mMapView.setScale(TLayer.SCALES[17]);
            mGraphicsLayer.removeAll();
            mGraphicsLayer.addGraphic(new Graphic(new Point(location.getLongitude(),location.getLatitude()),
                    new SimpleMarkerSymbol(Color.RED,10, SimpleMarkerSymbol.STYLE.CIRCLE)));
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, ""+location.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "NET"+provider+"定位不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };
    class TimerThread implements Runnable{

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(minTime*2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Message msg = new Message();
            msg.what = 1;
            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
        }
    }
}