Spring-Transaction 事务配置的五种实现方式

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-12 09:45:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-10-12 09:45:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ilovejava_2010/article/details/7867443

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Spring 使应用开发者能够使用在 任何环境 下使用一致的编程模型。你可以只写一次你的代码，这在不同环境下的不同事务管理策略中很有益处。Spring框架同时提供声明式和编程式事务管理。声明事务管理是多数使用者的首选，在多数情况下是被推荐使用的。

使用编程式事务管理，开发者直接使用Spring框架事务抽象，这个抽象可以使用在任何底层事务基础之上。

使用首选的声明式模型，开发者通常书写很少的或没有与事务相关的代码，因此不依赖Spring框架或任何其他事务API。

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

   <beanid="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    
    <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

    
   <beanid="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

    <beanid="userDao"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
           
           <propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
         <propertyname="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
       
        <propertyname="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
           </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionBase"
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
        
        <propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        
        <propertyname="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
        <propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
    </bean>
</beans>

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
        <propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        
        <propertyname="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
        <propertyname="beanNames">
            <list>
                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <propertyname="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第四种方式：使用Spring的tx和AOP标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:methodname="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcutid="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisoradvice-ref="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
    </aop:config>
</beans>

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第五种：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driventransaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <propertyname="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImplextends HibernateDaoSupportimplements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
    }


}

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Spring-Transaction 事务配置的五种实现方式

Spring 使应用开发者能够使用在任何环境下使用一致的编程模型。你可以只写一次你的代码，这在不同环境下的不同事务管理策略中很有益处。Spring框架同时提供声明式和编程式事务管理。声明事务管理是多数使用者的首选，在多数情况下是被推荐使用的。使用编程式事务管理，开发者直接使用Spring框架事务抽象，这个抽象可以使用在任何底层事务基础之上。使用首选的声明式模型，开发者通常书写很
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