解决GET方式请求中文乱码的几种方法

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-06 10:33:31 发布

天真有邪

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-06 10:33:31 发布

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文章标签： servlet

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/java_study_zjh/article/details/77850379

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大概内容：
1.直接在目标servlet中编码参数
2.过滤器解决中文乱码
3.通过一个基类servlet解决中文乱码

直接在目标servlet中编码参数

直接上代码：

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Demo3Servlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        //这里设置输出到前端的文本的编码方式
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        String name=request.getParameter("name");
        String age=request.getParameter("age");

        //手动将参数值编码
        name=new String(name.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
        //控制台输出
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
        //网页上输出
        response.getWriter().print(name+":欢迎光临");
    }

    //这里该方法没有实际用到
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        String name=request.getParameter("name");
        String age=request.getParameter("age");
        System.out.println(name=","+age);
        response.getWriter().print(name+":欢迎光临");
    }
}

通过过滤器解决中文乱码

1.先写一个过滤器：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;

public class CharacterFilter implements Filter{

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        HttpServletRequest httpRequest=(HttpServletRequest) request;
        //生成我们自己包装好的类
        MyRequest req=new MyRequest(httpRequest);
        chain.doFilter(req, response);//放行
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("过滤器初始化了!");
    }
}
/*
 * 装饰类
 * 解决get方式请求中的中文乱码
 */
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{

    public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);
    }

    //修改增强getParameter方法
    @Override
    public String getParameter(String name) {

        //先获取原来参数的值
        String value=super.getParameter(name);
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式请求
            try {

                //我们自己编码前端传来的参数
                value=new String(value.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");

            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        //返回我们处理过的参数值
        return value;
    }

    //修改增强getParameterValues方法
    @Override
    public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {

        //获取原来的参数值
        String values[]=super.getParameterValues(name);
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式 
            for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
                try {

                    //我们自己编码前端传过来的参数，其中getCharacterEncoding()是我们在servlet中自己设置的编码，也可以直接写哪种编码
                    values[i]=new String(values[i].getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),getCharacterEncoding());
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //返回处理过的参数数组
        return values;
    }

    修改增强getParameterMap方法
    @Override
    public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {

        //获取原来的参数值
        Map<String, String[]> map=super.getParameterMap();
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式
            Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String[]>> it=map.entrySet().iterator();
            while(it.hasNext()){
                String values[]=it.next().getValue();
                for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
                    try {
                        values[i]=new String(values[i].getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),getCharacterEncoding());
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        //返回处理过的map
        return map ;
    }
}

2.写一个处理数据的servlet

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Demo1Servlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        //这里给过滤器的装饰类提前设置好编码
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        //这里设置编码是输出到前端时保证编码不出错
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        String name=request.getParameter("name");
        String strAge=request.getParameter("age");
        //输出到控制台
        System.out.println(name+","+strAge);
        //输出到页面
        response.getWriter().print(name+":欢迎光临");
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        //因为这里演示get方式请求，所以直接调用doGet()方法
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

通过一个基类servlet解决中文乱码

1.先写一个BaseServlet类

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public abstract class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet{

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String cmd=req.getParameter("cmd");
        if(null==cmd || cmd.equals("")){
            cmd="execute";
        }
        try {
            Method method=this.getClass().getMethod(cmd, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);

            //声明我们自己的包装类
            MyRequest myRequest=new MyRequest(req);

            method.invoke(this, myRequest, resp);

        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }

    public abstract void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException;
}
/*
 * 装饰类
 * 解决get方式请求中的中文乱码
 */
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{

    public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);
    }

    //修改增强getParameter方法
    @Override
    public String getParameter(String name) {

        //先获取原来参数的值
        String value=super.getParameter(name);
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式请求
            try {

                //我们自己编码前端传过来的参数，其中getCharacterEncoding()是我们在servlet中自己设置的编码，也可以直接写哪种编码
                value=new String(value.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),getCharacterEncoding());

            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        //返回我们处理过的参数值
        return value;
    }

    //修改增强getParameterValues方法
    @Override
    public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {

        //获取原来的参数值
        String values[]=super.getParameterValues(name);
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式 
            for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
                try {

                    //我们自己编码前端传过来的参数
                    values[i]=new String(values[i].getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),getCharacterEncoding());
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //返回处理过的参数数组
        return values;
    }

    修改增强getParameterMap方法
    @Override
    public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {

        //获取原来的参数值
        Map<String, String[]> map=super.getParameterMap();
        if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(super.getMethod())){//判断是否是"get"方式
            Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String[]>> it=map.entrySet().iterator();
            while(it.hasNext()){
                String values[]=it.next().getValue();
                for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
                    try {
                        values[i]=new String(values[i].getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),getCharacterEncoding());
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        //返回处理过的map
        return map ;
    }
}

2.写一个处理数据的servlet

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.hncu.utils.BaseServlet;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
//这里要继承我们自己写的BaseServlet类，并实现他的抽象方法
public class Demo2Servlet extends BaseServlet{

    @Override
    //重写父类的抽象方法
    public void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        //这里给过滤器的装饰类提前设置好
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        //这里设置编码是输出到前端时保证编码不出错
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        String name=req.getParameter("name");
        String age=req.getParameter("age");
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
        resp.getWriter().print(name+":欢迎光临!");
    }
}

上述的三种方式都可以解决get方式请求的中文乱码问题，第一种最简单，第二种和第三种其实原理是差不多的：都是对HttpServletRequest进行包装，修改或者增强其中的一些方法；下面贴上主页代码和web.xml配置文件的代码：
index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>解决get方式请求中文乱码的两种方式演示</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h3>过滤器解决中文乱码</h3>
    <a href="Demo1Servlet?name=叶秋&age=21">过滤器解决中文乱码</a><br/>
    <a href="Demo2Servlet?name=黄少天&age=22">基类serlvet解决中文乱码</a><br/>
    <a href="Demo3Servlet?name=苏沐橙&age=23">直接在servlet中解决乱码</a><br/>
  </body>
</html>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>
  <!-- 配置过滤器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
    <filter-class>cn.hncu.filter.CharacterFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
    <servlet-name>Demo1Servlet</servlet-name>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置servlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Demo1Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.hncu.servlet.Demo1Servlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Demo2Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.hncu.servlet.Demo2Servlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Demo3Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.hncu.servlet.Demo3Servlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Demo1Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Demo1Servlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>    
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Demo2Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Demo2Servlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Demo3Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Demo3Servlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>    
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>