spring-boot读取props和yml配置文件

最近微框架spring-boot很火，笔者也跟风学习了一下，废话不多说，现给出一个读取配置文件的例子。
首先，需要在pom文件中依赖以下jar包

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

其次，我们需要一个spring-boot启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties({PropsConfig.class,YmlConfig.class}) 
public class ReadApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ReadApplication.class, args);
    }
}

没错，@EnableConfigurationProperties注解里指出的PropsConfig.class,YmlConfig.class分别就是读取props和yml配置文件的类。接下来，我们分别进行读取properties和yml配置文件的具体实现。

1.读取properties配置文件
在类路径下放置一个application.properties文件，大致内容如下：

master.ds.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
master.ds.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
master.ds.username=root
master.ds.password=root
master.ds.filters=stat
master.ds.maxActive=20
master.ds.initialSize=1
master.ds.maxWait=60000
master.ds.minIdle=10
master.ds.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
master.ds.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
master.ds.validationQuery=SELECT 'x'
master.ds.testWhileIdle=true
master.ds.testOnBorrow=false
master.ds.testOnReturn=false
master.ds.poolPreparedStatements=true
master.ds.maxOpenPreparedStatements=100
master.ds.removeAbandoned=true
master.ds.removeAbandonedTimeout=1800
master.ds.logAbandoned=true

读取props配置的类，很简单，基本就是一个pojo/vo类，在类上加载@ConfigurationProperties注解即可。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "master.ds",locations = "classpath:application.properties")
public class PropsConfig {
    private String driverClassName;
    private String url;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String filters;
    private String maxActive;
    private String initialSize;
    private String maxWait;
        
    public String getDriverClassName() {
        return driverClassName;
    }
    public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
        this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
    }
    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }
    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getFilters() {
        return filters;
    }
    public void setFilters(String filters) {
        this.filters = filters;
    }
    public String getMaxActive() {
        return maxActive;
    }
    public void setMaxActive(String maxActive) {
        this.maxActive = maxActive;
    }
    public String getInitialSize() {
        return initialSize;
    }
    public void setInitialSize(String initialSize) {
        this.initialSize = initialSize;
    }
    public String getMaxWait() {
        return maxWait;
    }
    public void setMaxWait(String maxWait) {
        this.maxWait = maxWait;
    }
}

单元测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ReadApplication.class)
public class ReadApplicationPropsTests {
    @Autowired
    private PropsConfig propsConfig;
    
    @Test
    public void testDisplayPropsValue() {
        String driverClassName = propsConfig.getDriverClassName();
        String url = propsConfig.getUrl();
        String username = propsConfig.getUsername();
        String password = propsConfig.getPassword();
        
        String filters = propsConfig.getFilters();
        String maxActive = propsConfig.getMaxActive();
        String initialSize = propsConfig.getInitialSize();
        String maxWait = propsConfig.getMaxWait();
                
        System.out.println("driverClassName -> " + driverClassName);
        System.out.println("url -> " + url);
        System.out.println("username -> " + username);
        System.out.println("password -> " + password);
        
        System.out.println("initialSize -> " + initialSize);
        System.out.println("maxWait -> " + maxWait);
        
    }
}

可以看到在控制台输出的测试内容：

driverClassName -> com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url -> jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username -> root
password -> root
initialSize -> 1
maxWait -> 60000

2.读取yml配置文件
在类路径下放置一个application.yml文件，大致内容如下：

myProps: #自定义的属性和值
  simpleProp: simplePropValue
  arrayProps: 1,2,3,4,5
  listProp1:
    - name: abc
      value: abcValue
    - name: efg
      value: efgValue
  listProp2:
    - config2Value1
    - config2Vavlue2
  mapProps:
    key1: value1
    key2: value2

读取yml配置文件的类。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="myProps") //application.yml中的myProps下的属性  
public class YmlConfig {
    private String simpleProp;  
    private String[] arrayProps;  
    private List<Map<String, String>> listProp1 = new ArrayList<>(); //接收prop1里面的属性值  
    private List<String> listProp2 = new ArrayList<>(); //接收prop2里面的属性值  
    private Map<String, String> mapProps = new HashMap<>(); //接收prop1里面的属性值  
      
    public String getSimpleProp() {  
        return simpleProp;  
    }  
      
    public void setSimpleProp(String simpleProp) {  
        this.simpleProp = simpleProp;  
    }  
      
    public List<Map<String, String>> getListProp1() {  
        return listProp1;  
    }  
    public List<String> getListProp2() {  
        return listProp2;  
    }  
  
    public String[] getArrayProps() {  
        return arrayProps;  
    }  
  
    public void setArrayProps(String[] arrayProps) {  
        this.arrayProps = arrayProps;  
    }  
  
    public Map<String, String> getMapProps() {  
        return mapProps;  
    }  
  
    public void setMapProps(Map<String, String> mapProps) {  
        this.mapProps = mapProps;  
    } 
}

单元测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ReadApplication.class)
public class ReadApplicationYmlTests {
    @Autowired
    private YmlConfig ymlConfig;
    
    @Test
    public void testDisplayYmlValue() throws JsonProcessingException {
        System.out.println("simpleProp: " + ymlConfig.getSimpleProp());  
        
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        System.out.println("arrayProps: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getArrayProps()));  
        System.out.println("listProp1: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getListProp1()));  
        System.out.println("listProp2: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getListProp2()));  
        System.out.println("mapProps: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getMapProps()));
    }
}

可以看到在控制台输出的测试内容：

simpleProp: simplePropValue
arrayProps: ["1","2","3","4","5"]
listProp1: [{"name":"abc","value":"abcValue"},{"name":"efg","value":"efgValue"}]
listProp2: ["config2Value1","config2Vavlue2"]
mapProps: {"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"}