Visual C++编程实现摄像头视频捕捉 保存

http://www.mscto.com/vc/2009022674609.html另一个 使用Sample Grabber过滤器扑获图像

Visual C++编程实现摄像头视频捕捉

发布时间：2007-12-29 09:16:49  来源：  作者：  点击：798

　　 前言

　　DirectShow是微软公司提供的一套在Windows平台上进行流媒体处理的开发包，与DirectX开发包一起发布。DirectShow为多媒体流的捕捉和回放提供了强有力的支持。用DirectShow开发应用程序，我们可以很方便地从支持WDM驱动模型的采集卡上捕获数据，并且进行相应的后期处理乃至存储到文件中。

　　DirectShow是基于COM的，为了编写DirectShow应用程序，需要了解COM客户程序编写的基础知识。DirectShow提供了大量的 接口，但在编程中发现还是不够方便，如果能构建一个视频捕捉类把常用的一些动作封装起来，那么就更方便了。

　　 编程思路

　　为了更加容易建立视频捕捉应用程序，DirectShow提供了一个叫做Capture Graph Builder的对象，Capture Graph Builder提供IcaptureGraphBuilder2接口，该 接口可以建立和控制Capture Graph。

　　建立视频捕捉程序，必须首先获取并初始化IcaptureGraphBuilder2 接口，然后选择一个适当的视频捕捉设备。选择好设备后，为该设备创建Capture filter，然后调用AddFilter把Capture filter添加到Filter Graph。

　　如果仅仅希望用摄像头来进行实时监控的话，只需要在上面的基础上调用ICaptureGraphBuilder2::RenderStream就可以了：

ICaptureGraphBuilder2 *pBuild; // Capture Graph Builder //省略初始化部分代码 IBaseFilter *pCap; // Video capture filter. //省略初始化和添加到Filter Graph部分代码 pBuild->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, pCap, NULL, NULL);

　　DirectShow提供了一个捕捉静态图像的方法：使用Sample Grabber filter。依次按照以下三个步骤就可以了：

　　第一步, 定义一个类实现Sample Grabber的回调 接口IsampleGrabberCB： 

class CSampleGrabberCB : public ISampleGrabberCB {  　//在后面提供的类中具体完成 } CSampleGrabberCB mCB;

　　第二步、调用RenderStream依次把Still pin、Sample Grabber和系统默认Renderer Filter连接起来。

　　第三步、配置Sample Grabber以捕获数据。

　　视频捕捉类CCaptureVideo的具体实现

// CCaptureVideo视频捕捉类头文件 / #if !defined(AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A3ArrayF_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_) #define AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A3ArrayF_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_ / // CaptureVideo.h : header file / #if _MSC_VER > 1000 #pragma once #endif // _MSC_VER > 1000 #include <atlbase.h> #include <windows.h> #include <dshow.h> #ifndef SAFE_RELEASE #define SAFE_RELEASE( x ) ＼ if ( NULL != x ) ＼ { ＼ 　x->Release( ); ＼ 　x = NULL; ＼ } #endif class CSampleGrabberCB; class CCaptureVideo : public CWnd  { 　friend class CSampleGrabberCB; 　public: 　　void GrabOneFrame(BOOL bGrab); 　　HRESULT Init(int iDeviceID,HWND hWnd); 　　int EnumDevices(HWND hList); 　　CCaptureVideo(); 　　virtual ~CCaptureVideo(); 　private: 　　HWND m_hWnd; 　　IGraphBuilder *m_pGB; 　　ICaptureGraphBuilder2* m_pCapture; 　　IBaseFilter* m_pBF; 　　IMediaControl* m_pMC; 　　IVideoWindow* m_pVW; 　　CComPtr<ISampleGrabber> m_pGrabber; 　protected: 　　void FreeMediaType(AM_MEDIA_TYPE& mt); 　　bool BindFilter(int deviceId, IBaseFilter **pFilter); 　　void ResizeVideoWindow(); 　　HRESULT SetupVideoWindow(); 　　HRESULT InitCaptureGraphBuilder(); }; #endif // !defined(AFX_CAPTUREVIDEO_H__F5345AA4_A3ArrayF_4B07_B843_3D87C4287AA0__INCLUDED_) //------------------------------------------------------------------- // CCaptureVideo视频捕捉类实现文件CaptureVideo.cpp //------------------------------------------------------------------- // CaptureVideo.cpp: implementation of the CCaptureVideo class. // / #include "stdafx.h" #include "CaptureVideo.h" #ifdef _DEBUG #undef THIS_FILE static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__; #define new DEBUG_NEW #endif BOOL bOneShot=FALSE;//全局变量 class CSampleGrabberCB : public ISampleGrabberCB  { 　public: 　　long lWidth; 　　long lHeight; 　　TCHAR m_szFileName[MAX_PATH];// 位图文件名称 　　CSampleGrabberCB( ){ 　　　strcpy(m_szFileName, "c:＼＼donaldo.bmp"); 　　}  　　STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef() { return 2; } 　　STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release() { return 1; } 　　STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void ** ppv){ 　　if( riid == IID_ISampleGrabberCB || riid == IID_IUnknown ){  　　　*ppv = (void *) static_cast<ISampleGrabberCB*> ( this ); 　　　return NOERROR; 　　}  　　return E_NOINTERFACE; 　} 　STDMETHODIMP SampleCB( double SampleTime, IMediaSample * pSample ){ 　return 0; } STDMETHODIMP BufferCB( double dblSampleTime, BYTE * pBuffer, long lBufferSize ){ 　if( !bOneShot )return 0; 　 　if (!pBuffer)return E_POINTER; 　SaveBitmap(pBuffer, lBufferSize); 　bOneShot = FALSE; 　return 0; } //创建位图文件 BOOL SaveBitmap(BYTE * pBuffer, long lBufferSize ) { 　HANDLE hf = CreateFile( 　m_szFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, 　CREATE_ALWAYS, NULL, NULL ); 　if( hf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )return 0; 　　// 写文件头  　　BITMAPFILEHEADER bfh; 　　memset( &bfh, 0, sizeof( bfh ) ); 　　bfh.bfType = ’MB’; 　　bfh.bfSize = sizeof( bfh ) + lBufferSize + sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER ); 　　bfh.bfOffBits = sizeof( BITMAPINFOHEADER ) + sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER ); 　　DWORD dwWritten = 0; 　　WriteFile( hf, &bfh, sizeof( bfh ), &dwWritten, NULL ); 　　// 写位图格式 　　BITMAPINFOHEADER bih; 　　memset( &bih, 0, sizeof( bih ) ); 　　bih.biSize = sizeof( bih ); 　　bih.biWidth = lWidth; 　　bih.biHeight = lHeight; 　　bih.biPlanes = 1; 　　bih.biBitCount = 24; 　　WriteFile( hf, &bih, sizeof( bih ), &dwWritten, NULL ); 　　// 写位图数据 　　WriteFile( hf, pBuffer, lBufferSize, &dwWritten, NULL ); 　　CloseHandle( hf ); 　　return 0; 　} }; CSampleGrabberCB mCB; // // Construction/Destruction // CCaptureVideo::CCaptureVideo() { 　//COM Library Intialization 　if(FAILED(CoInitialize(NULL))) /*, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED)))*/ 　{ 　　AfxMessageBox("CoInitialize Failed!＼r＼n");  　　return; 　} 　m_hWnd = NULL; 　m_pVW = NULL; 　m_pMC = NULL; 　m_pGB = NULL; 　m_pCapture = NULL;  } CCaptureVideo::~CCaptureVideo() { 　// Stop media playback 　if(m_pMC)m_pMC->Stop(); 　if(m_pVW){ 　　m_pVW->put_Visible(OAFALSE); 　　m_pVW->put_Owner(NULL); 　} 　SAFE_RELEASE(m_pCapture); 　SAFE_RELEASE(m_pMC); 　SAFE_RELEASE(m_pGB); 　SAFE_RELEASE(m_pBF); 　CoUninitialize( ); } int CCaptureVideo::EnumDevices(HWND hList) { 　if (!hList) 　　return -1; 　int id = 0; 　//枚举视频扑捉设备 　ICreateDevEnum *pCreateDevEnum; 　HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SystemDeviceEnum, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_ICreateDevEnum, (void**)&pCreateDevEnum); 　if (hr != NOERROR)return -1; 　CComPtr<IEnumMoniker> pEm; 　hr = pCreateDevEnum->CreateClassEnumerator(CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory,&pEm, 0); 　if (hr != NOERROR)return -1; 　pEm->Reset(); 　ULONG cFetched; 　IMoniker *pM; 　while(hr = pEm->Next(1, &pM, &cFetched), hr==S_OK) 　{ 　　IPropertyBag *pBag; 　　hr = pM->BindToStorage(0, 0, IID_IPropertyBag, (void **)&pBag); 　　if(SUCCEEDED(hr))  　　{ 　　　VARIANT var; 　　　var.vt = VT_BSTR; 　　　hr = pBag->Read(L"FriendlyName", &var, NULL); 　　　if (hr == NOERROR)  　　　{ 　　　　TCHAR str[2048];  　　　　id++; 　　　　WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,var.bstrVal, -1, str, 2048, NULL, NULL); 　　　　::SendMessage(hList, CB_ADDSTRING, 0,(LPARAM)str); 　　　　SysFreeString(var.bstrVal); 　　　} 　　　pBag->Release(); 　　} 　　pM->Release(); 　} 　return id; } HRESULT CCaptureVideo::Init(int iDeviceID, HWND hWnd) { 　HRESULT hr; 　hr = InitCaptureGraphBuilder(); 　if (FAILED(hr)){ 　　AfxMessageBox("Failed to get video interfaces!"); 　　return hr; 　} 　// Bind Device Filter. We know the device because the id was passed in 　if(!BindFilter(iDeviceID, &m_pBF))return S_FALSE; 　hr = m_pGB->AddFilter(m_pBF, L"Capture Filter"); 　// hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video,  　// m_pBF, NULL, NULL); 　// create a sample grabber 　hr = m_pGrabber.CoCreateInstance( CLSID_SampleGrabber ); 　if( !m_pGrabber ){ 　　AfxMessageBox("Fail to create SampleGrabber, maybe qedit.dll is not registered?"); 　　return hr; 　} 　CComQIPtr< IBaseFilter, &IID_IBaseFilter > pGrabBase( m_pGrabber ); 　//设置视频格式 　AM_MEDIA_TYPE mt;  　ZeroMemory(&mt, sizeof(AM_MEDIA_TYPE)); 　mt.majortype = MEDIATYPE_Video; 　mt.subtype = MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB24; 　hr = m_pGrabber->SetMediaType(&mt); 　if( FAILED( hr ) ){ 　　AfxMessageBox("Fail to set media type!"); 　　return hr; 　} 　hr = m_pGB->AddFilter( pGrabBase, L"Grabber" ); 　if( FAILED( hr ) ){ 　　AfxMessageBox("Fail to put sample grabber in graph"); 　　return hr; 　} 　// try to render preview/capture pin 　hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video,m_pBF,pGrabBase,NULL); 　if( FAILED( hr ) ) 　　hr = m_pCapture->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_CAPTURE, &MEDIATYPE_Video,m_pBF,pGrabBase,NULL); 　　if( FAILED( hr ) ){ 　　　AfxMessageBox("Can’t build the graph"); 　　　return hr; 　　} 　 　hr = m_pGrabber->GetConnectedMediaType( &mt ); 　if ( FAILED( hr) ){ 　　AfxMessageBox("Failt to read the connected media type"); 　　return hr; 　} 　VIDEOINFOHEADER * vih = (VIDEOINFOHEADER*) mt.pbFormat; 　mCB.lWidth = vih->bmiHeader.biWidth; 　mCB.lHeight = vih->bmiHeader.biHeight; 　FreeMediaType(mt); 　hr = m_pGrabber->SetBufferSamples( FALSE ); 　hr = m_pGrabber->SetOneShot( FALSE ); 　hr = m_pGrabber->SetCallback( &mCB, 1 ); 　//设置视频捕捉窗口 　m_hWnd = hWnd ;  　SetupVideoWindow(); 　hr = m_pMC->Run();//开始视频捕捉 　if(FAILED(hr)){AfxMessageBox("Couldn’t run the graph!");return hr;} 　return S_OK; } bool CCaptureVideo::BindFilter(int deviceId, IBaseFilter **pFilter) { 　if (deviceId < 0) 　return false; 　// enumerate all video capture devices 　CComPtr<ICreateDevEnum> pCreateDevEnum; 　HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SystemDeviceEnum, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICreateDevEnum, (void**)&pCreateDevEnum); 　if (hr != NOERROR) 　{ 　　return false; 　} 　CComPtr<IEnumMoniker> pEm; 　hr = pCreateDevEnum->CreateClassEnumerator(CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory,&pEm, 0); 　if (hr != NOERROR)  　{ 　　return false; 　} 　pEm->Reset(); 　ULONG cFetched; 　IMoniker *pM; 　int index = 0; 　while(hr = pEm->Next(1, &pM, &cFetched), hr==S_OK, index <= deviceId) 　{ 　　IPropertyBag *pBag; 　　hr = pM->BindToStorage(0, 0, IID_IPropertyBag, (void **)&pBag); 　　if(SUCCEEDED(hr))  　　{ 　　　VARIANT var; 　　　var.vt = VT_BSTR; 　　　hr = pBag->Read(L"FriendlyName", &var, NULL); 　　　if (hr == NOERROR)  　　　{ 　　　　if (index == deviceId) 　　　　{ 　　　　　pM->BindToObject(0, 0, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)pFilter); 　　　　} 　　　　SysFreeString(var.bstrVal); 　　　} 　　　pBag->Release(); 　　} 　　pM->Release(); 　　index++; 　} 　return true; } HRESULT CCaptureVideo::InitCaptureGraphBuilder() { 　HRESULT hr; 　// 创建IGraphBuilder接口 　hr=CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **)&m_pGB); 　// 创建ICaptureGraphBuilder2接口 　hr = CoCreateInstance (CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder2 , NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **) &m_pCapture); 　if (FAILED(hr))return hr; 　m_pCapture->SetFiltergraph(m_pGB); 　hr = m_pGB->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&m_pMC); 　if (FAILED(hr))return hr; 　hr = m_pGB->QueryInterface(IID_IVideoWindow, (LPVOID *) &m_pVW); 　if (FAILED(hr))return hr; 　return hr; } HRESULT CCaptureVideo::SetupVideoWindow() { 　HRESULT hr; 　hr = m_pVW->put_Owner((OAHWND)m_hWnd); 　if (FAILED(hr))return hr; 　hr = m_pVW->put_WindowStyle(WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPCHILDREN); 　if (FAILED(hr))return hr; 　ResizeVideoWindow(); 　hr = m_pVW->put_Visible(OATRUE); 　return hr; } void CCaptureVideo::ResizeVideoWindow() { 　if (m_pVW){ 　　//让图像充满整个窗口 　　CRect rc; 　　::GetClientRect(m_hWnd,&rc); 　　m_pVW->SetWindowPosition(0, 0, rc.right, rc.bottom); 　}  } void CCaptureVideo::GrabOneFrame(BOOL bGrab) { 　bOneShot = bGrab; } void CCaptureVideo::FreeMediaType(AM_MEDIA_TYPE& mt) { 　if (mt.cbFormat != 0) { 　　CoTaskMemFree((PVOID)mt.pbFormat); 　　// Strictly unnecessary but tidier 　　mt.cbFormat = 0; 　　mt.pbFormat = NULL; 　} 　if (mt.pUnk != NULL) { 　　mt.pUnk->Release(); 　　mt.pUnk = NULL; 　} }