Java中的深拷贝与浅拷贝

Java中有两种拷贝方式一种是浅拷贝，一种是深拷贝。

两者的区别也很好阐述：浅拷贝它只是简单拷贝对象成员的引用，而深拷贝则会重新生成一个对象副本。当然String这些对象比较特殊。

举个实例：（注意看注释）

package clone;

public class Teacher implements Cloneable {
	public String name;
	public int age;
	public Teacher(String name, int age) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	@Override
	public Object clone() {
		Object obj=null;
		try {
			obj=super.clone();
		} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return obj;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Teacher [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
}

package clone;

public class Student implements Cloneable {
	public Teacher teacher;
	public String name;
	public int age;
	public Student(Teacher teacher, String name, int age) {
		super();
		this.teacher = teacher;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	//浅拷贝
	@Override
	public Object clone() {
		Object obj=null;
		try {
			obj=super.clone();
		} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return obj;
	}
	
	//深拷贝
	public Student clone(boolean flag) {
		Student student=null;
		try {
			student=(Student) super.clone();
		} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		student.teacher=(Teacher) student.teacher.clone();
		return student;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [teacher=" + teacher + ", name=" + name + ", age="
				+ age + "]";
	}
}

package clone;

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		Teacher teacher;
		Student student;
		Student clone_student;
		
		teacher=new Teacher("程老师", 20);
		student=new Student(teacher, "小猿", 12);
		//浅拷贝
		clone_student=(Student) student.clone();
		System.out.println(teacher);
		clone_student.age=18;clone_student.name="大猿";//改变int和String不会影响原本的类
		clone_student.teacher.age=40; //改变对象成员就会影响
		System.out.println(student);
		System.out.println(clone_student);
		System.out.println(teacher);
		
	}

}

运行结果：

Teacher [name=程老师, age=20]
Student [teacher=Teacher [name=程老师, age=40], name=小猿, age=12]
Student [teacher=Teacher [name=程老师, age=40], name=大猿, age=18]
Teacher [name=程老师, age=40]

package clone;

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		Teacher teacher;
		Student student;
		Student clone_student;
		
		teacher=new Teacher("程老师", 20);
		student=new Student(teacher, "小猿", 12);
		//深拷贝
		clone_student=(Student) student.clone(true);
		System.out.println(teacher);
		clone_student.age=18;clone_student.name="大猿";
		//改变对象成员也不会影响 原本类里放的是上面的那个teacher的引用 而克隆的是新的对象
		student.teacher.age=40;
		clone_student.teacher.age=44;
		System.out.println(student);
		System.out.println(clone_student);
		System.out.println(teacher);
		
	}

}

运行结果：

Teacher [name=程老师, age=20]
Student [teacher=Teacher [name=程老师, age=40], name=小猿, age=12]
Student [teacher=Teacher [name=程老师, age=44], name=大猿, age=18]
Teacher [name=程老师, age=40]