Gson还有一种更高级的手法进行序列化和反序列化,那就是TypeAdapter ,就是就是对象json之间的互相转换 接替了T 泛型类的序列化和反序列化的逻辑,大家如果有兴趣可以去看一下源码,2.1版本之前后的用法是不一样的,2.1版本之前可以自定义adapter,在2.1版本之后更推荐直接插入泛型就使用。在这里演示泛型的
代码演示:
public class TypeAdapterTest {
public static class Person {
private int per_id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private boolean state;
public Person(int per_id, String name, String sex, boolean state) {
this.per_id = per_id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person-->[per_id=" + per_id + ", name=" + name + ", sex="
+ sex + ", state=" + state + "]";
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Gson gson = new Gson();
TypeAdapter<Person> personTypeAdapter = gson.getAdapter(Person.class);
Person person = new Person(1, "layne", "man", true);
String json_str = personTypeAdapter.toJson(person);
System.out.println("序列化结果:" + json_str);
Person person1 = personTypeAdapter.fromJson(json_str);
System.out.println("反序列化结果:" + person1);
}
}
运行结果:
接下来就是容错机制
为什么要容错了?
在javaBean中编号per_id声明的事int类,如果服务端返回的是""空字符串,那么客户端该怎么办?崩溃吗?
这时候就需要容错机制啦,容错的实现方式:
1.创建Gson的方式
2.使用JsonReader
3.自定义TypeAdapter
4.使用注解JsonAdapter,其实也是自定义Adapter
1和2可以归为一类 由框架实现,基本json大格式规范,键值对不标准,多引号的问题等等,而不报错停止解析,但是功能相对较弱,能解决bug
方式1:Gson的创建方式
gson = new GsonBuilder()
.setLenient()// json宽松
.create();
方式2:使用JsonReader
JsonReader jsonReader = gson.newJsonReader(value.charStream());
jsonReader.setLenient(true);
3和4也可以归为一类,都属于自定义adapter,但是方式3与gson绑定,方式4使用注解和字段绑定
代码示例:(这种方式比较倾向于整体)
public class FaultToleranceTest {
public static class Person {
private int per_id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private boolean state;
public Person() {
}
public Person(int per_id, String name, String sex, boolean state) {
this.per_id = per_id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person-->[per_id=" + per_id + ", name=" + name + ", sex="
+ sex + ", state=" + state + "]";
}
}
public static class PersonTypeAdapter extends TypeAdapter<Person> {
@Override
public Person read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
Person person = new Person();
in.beginObject();
while (in.hasNext()) {
switch (in.nextName()) {
case "per_id":
try {
String str = in.nextString();
person.per_id = Integer.valueOf(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
break;
case "name":
person.name = in.nextString();
break;
case "sex":
person.sex = in.nextString();
break;
case "state":
person.state = in.nextBoolean();
break;
}
}
in.endObject();
return person;
}
@Override
public void write(JsonWriter out, Person person) throws IOException {
out.beginObject();
out.name("per_id").value(person.per_id);
out.name("name").value(person.name);
out.name("sex").value(person.sex);
out.name("state").value(person.state);
out.endObject();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json_str = "{\"per_id\":\"\",\"name\":\"layne\",\"sex\":\"man\",\"state\":true}";
System.out.println("服务端发送:" + json_str);
try {
Person person = gson.fromJson(json_str, Person.class);
System.out.println("默认Gson解析:" + person);
} catch (JsonParseException e) {// java.lang.NumberFormatException:
// empty String
System.out.println("默认Gson解析异常:" + e);
}
Gson gson2 = new GsonBuilder().registerTypeAdapter(Person.class,
new PersonTypeAdapter()).create();
try {
Person person2 = gson2.fromJson(json_str, Person.class);
System.out.println("自定义PersonTypeAdapter解析:" + person2);
} catch (JsonParseException e) {// java.lang.NumberFormatException:
// empty String
System.out.println("自定义PersonTypeAdapter解析异常:" + e);
}
try {
PersonTypeAdapter personTypeAdapter = new PersonTypeAdapter();
Person person3 = personTypeAdapter.fromJson(json_str);
System.out.println("自定义PersonTypeAdapter解析2:" + person3);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("自定义PersonTypeAdapter解析异常2:" + e);
}
}
}
运行结果:
上面的方式是倾向于整体的,下面是注解的方式,比较倾向于字段
代码演示:
public class FaultToleranceTest1 {
public static class Person {
@JsonAdapter(IntegerTypeAdapter.class)
private int per_id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private boolean state;
public Person() {
}
public Person(int per_id, String name, String sex, boolean state) {
this.per_id = per_id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person-->[per_id=" + per_id + ", name=" + name + ", sex="
+ sex + ", state=" + state + "]";
}
}
public static class Person1 {
private int per_id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private boolean state;
public Person1() {
}
public Person1(int per_id, String name, String sex, boolean state) {
this.per_id = per_id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person1-->[per_id=" + per_id + ", name=" + name + ", sex="
+ sex + ", state=" + state + "]";
}
}
public static class IntegerTypeAdapter extends TypeAdapter<Integer> {
@Override
public void write(JsonWriter out, Integer value) throws IOException {
out.value(value);
}
@Override
public Integer read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
int i = 0;
try {
String str = in.nextString();
i = Integer.valueOf(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return i;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json_str = "{\"per_id\":\"\",\"name\":\"layne\",\"sex\":\"man\",\"state\":true}";
System.out.println("服务器发送:" + json_str);
try {
Person1 person1 = gson.fromJson(json_str, Person1.class);
System.out.println("gson解析:" + person1);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("gson解析异常:" + e);
}
try {
Person person = gson.fromJson(json_str, Person.class);
System.out.println("JsonAdapter注解解析:" + person);
} catch (JsonParseException e) {// java.lang.NumberFormatException:
// empty String
System.out.println("JsonAdapter注解异常:" + e);
}
}
}
运行结果:
上面的两种方式保险是很保险的,但是代码量大,需要维护的地方也多,这里介绍另外一种方式:JsonSerializer与JsonDeserializer 之关系单方面的处理,可以全局注册某个类型的处理
代码演示:
public class FaultToleranceTest2 {
public static class Person {
private int per_id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private boolean state;
public Person() {
}
public Person(int per_id, String name, String sex, boolean state) {
this.per_id = per_id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person-->[per_id=" + per_id + ", name=" + name + ", sex="
+ sex + ", state=" + state + "]";
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JsonDeserializer<Integer> jsonDeserializer = new JsonDeserializer<Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer deserialize(JsonElement json, Type arg1,
JsonDeserializationContext arg2) throws JsonParseException {
try {
return json.getAsInt();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
return 0;
}
}
};
String json_str = "{\"per_id\":\"\",\"name\":\"layne\",\"sex\":\"man\",\"state\":true}";
System.out.println("服务器发送:" + json_str);
Gson gson = new Gson();
try {
Person person1 = gson.fromJson(json_str, Person.class);
System.out.println("默认gson解析:" + person1);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("默认gson解析异常:" + e);
}
//方式1.创建Gson的方式
Gson gson1 = new GsonBuilder().registerTypeAdapter(int.class,
jsonDeserializer).create();
try {
Person person = gson1.fromJson(json_str, Person.class);
System.out.println("JsonDeserializer<Integer>解析:" + person);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("JsonDeserializer<Integer>解析异常:" + e);
}
}
}
运行结果: