ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

新装一台Oracle 11g的数据库,打算将SGA设大一点,知道 11g 中有一个新特新 MEMORY_TARGET,于是尝一下鲜,谁知报了个 ORA-00845,报错比较容易迷惑人,不借助Google真得想半天:
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SQL> alter system set memory_max_target=3G scope=spfile ;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set memory_target=2G scope=spfile ;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup ;
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

来自Oracle的官方解析是:

Starting with Oracle Database 11g, the Automatic Memory Management feature requires more shared memory (/dev/shm)and file descriptors. The size of the shared memory should be at least the greater of MEMORY_MAX_TARGET and MEMORY_TARGET for each Oracle instance on the computer. If MEMORY_MAX_TARGET or MEMORY_TARGET is set to a non zero value, and an incorrect size is assigned to the shared memory, it will result in an ORA-00845 error at startup.

简单来说就是 MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 的设置不能超过 /dev/shm 的大小:

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[oracle@FWDB FWDB]$ df -h | grep shm
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm

还真是撞到这个枪口上了:

马上把它加大:

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[root@FWDB ~] # cat /etc/fstab | grep tmpfs
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=4G 0 0

现在可以通过重启使这个配置生效,也可以通过重新挂载来修改其大小:

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[root@FWDB ~] # mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm
[root@FWDB ~] # df -h | grep shm
tmpfs 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm

再次启动数据库,没有报错了。

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