HDU-1113-STL的map<string，string>

Word Amalgamation
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 3556    Accepted Submission(s): 1750


Problem Description
In millions of newspapers across the United States there is a word game called Jumble. The object of this game is to solve a riddle, but in order to find the letters that appear in the answer it is necessary to unscramble four words. Your task is to write a program that can unscramble words. 


Input
The input contains four parts: 

1. a dictionary, which consists of at least one and at most 100 words, one per line; 
2. a line containing XXXXXX, which signals the end of the dictionary; 
3. one or more scrambled `words' that you must unscramble, each on a line by itself; and 
4. another line containing XXXXXX, which signals the end of the file.

All words, including both dictionary words and scrambled words, consist only of lowercase English letters and will be at least one and at most six characters long. (Note that the sentinel XXXXXX contains uppercase X's.) The dictionary is not necessarily in sorted order, but each word in the dictionary is unique. 


Output
For each scrambled word in the input, output an alphabetical list of all dictionary words that can be formed by rearranging the letters in the scrambled word. Each word in this list must appear on a line by itself. If the list is empty (because no dictionary words can be formed), output the line ``NOT A VALID WORD" instead. In either case, output a line containing six asterisks to signal the end of the list.


Sample Input
tarp
given
score
refund
only
trap
work
earn
course
pepper
part
XXXXXX
resco
nfudre
aptr
sett
oresuc
XXXXXX


Sample Output
score
******
refund
******
part
tarp
trap
******
NOT A VALID WORD
******
course
******


Source
Mid-Central USA 1998 

map的基本操作

Map是c++的一个标准容器，她提供了很好一对一的关系，在一些程序中建立一个map可以起到事半功倍的效果，总结了一些map基本简单实用的操作！
1. map最基本的构造函数；
   map<string , int >mapstring;         map<int ,string >mapint;
   map<sring, char>mapstring;         map< char ,string>mapchar;
   map<char ,int>mapchar;            map<int ,char >mapint；
2. map添加数据；
   map<int ,string> maplive;  
   1.maplive.insert(pair<int,string>(102,"aclive"));
   2.maplive.insert(map<int,string>::value_type(321,"hai"));
   3, maplive[112]="April";//map中最简单最常用的插入添加！
3，map中元素的查找：
   find()函数返回一个迭代器指向键值为key的元素，如果没找到就返回指向map尾部的迭代器。        
   map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;; 
   l_it=maplive.find(112);
   if(l_it==maplive.end())
                cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
   else cout<<"wo find 112"<<endl;
4,map中元素的删除：
   如果删除112；
   map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;;
   l_it=maplive.find(112);
   if(l_it==maplive.end())
        cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
   else  maplive.erase(l_it);  //delete 112;
5,map中 swap的用法：
  Map中的swap不是一个容器中的元素交换，而是两个容器交换；
  For example：
  #include <map>
  #include <iostream>
  using namespace std;
  int main( )
  {
      map <int, int> m1, m2, m3;
      map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
      m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 1, 10 ) );
      m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 2, 20 ) );
      m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 3, 30 ) );
      m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 10, 100 ) );
      m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 20, 200 ) );
      m3.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 30, 300 ) );
   cout << "The original map m1 is:";
   for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
      cout << " " << m1_Iter->second;
      cout   << "." << endl;
   // This is the member function version of swap
   //m2 is said to be the argument map; m1 the target map
   m1.swap( m2 );
   cout << "After swapping with m2, map m1 is:";
   for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
      cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
      cout  << "." << endl;
   cout << "After swapping with m2, map m2 is:";
   for ( m1_Iter = m2.begin( ); m1_Iter != m2.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
      cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
      cout  << "." << endl;
   // This is the specialized template version of swap
   swap( m1, m3 );
   cout << "After swapping with m3, map m1 is:";
   for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
      cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
      cout   << "." << endl;
}
6.map的sort问题：
  Map中的元素是自动按key升序排序,所以不能对map用sort函数：
  For example：
  #include <map>
  #include <iostream>
  using namespace std;
 int main( )
 {
   map <int, int> m1;
   map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 1, 20 ) );
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 4, 40 ) );
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 3, 60 ) );
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 2, 50 ) );
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 6, 40 ) );
   m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 7, 30 ) );
   cout << "The original map m1 is:"<<endl;
   for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
      cout <<  m1_Iter->first<<" "<<m1_Iter->second<<endl;

}
  The original map m1 is:
  1 20
  2 50
  3 60
  4 40
  6 40
  7 30
  请按任意键继续. . .
7，   map的基本操作函数：
      C++ Maps是一种关联式容器，包含“关键字/值”对
      begin()          返回指向map头部的迭代器
      clear(）         删除所有元素
      count()          返回指定元素出现的次数
      empty()          如果map为空则返回true
      end()            返回指向map末尾的迭代器
      equal_range()    返回特殊条目的迭代器对
      erase()          删除一个元素
      find()           查找一个元素
      get_allocator()  返回map的配置器
      insert()         插入元素
      key_comp()       返回比较元素key的函数
      lower_bound()    返回键值>=给定元素的第一个位置
      max_size()       返回可以容纳的最大元素个数
      rbegin()         返回一个指向map尾部的逆向迭代器
      rend()           返回一个指向map头部的逆向迭代器
      size()           返回map中元素的个数
      swap()            交换两个map
      upper_bound()     返回键值>给定元素的第一个位置
      value_comp()      返回比较元素value的函数
                                                                                        live

#include <iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<map>
#define maxn 100
using namespace std;
map<string ,string > vis;
int main()
{

char a[maxn];
int len;
bool flag;
string s="";
string t="";
scanf("%s",a);
while(strcmp(a,"XXXXXX")!=0)
{
len=strlen(a);
sort(a,a+n);
s.append(a);
t=a;
vis.insert(make_pair(t,s));
scanf("%s",a);
}
scanf("%s",a);
while(strcmp(a,"XXXXXX")!=0)
{
flag=1;
len=strlen(a);
sort(a,a+len);
s="";
s.append(a);
map<string ,string>::iterator it;
for(it=vis.begin();it!=vis.end();it++)
{
    if(it->second==a)
    {
        flag=0;
        cout<<it->first<<endl;
    }

}
if(flag)
{
    printf("NOT A VALID WORD\n");

}
printf("******\n");
 scanf("%s",a);   
}


}