Camera基本开发知识

加权限；如API23及以上，要请求权限

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

1：调用系统相机

  Intent intent=new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
       startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_1);

2：调用系统拍照，并把图片存在特定文件夹

 private String mFilePath;

        mFilePath= Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
        mFilePath=mFilePath+"/"+"temp.png";

 Intent intent=new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        //将拍的图片存在这个路径下
        Uri photoUri=Uri.fromFile(new File(mFilePath));
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,photoUri);

        startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_2);

拍照结束回调：

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        FileInputStream fis=null;

        if(resultCode==RESULT_OK){
            if(requestCode==REQ_1){
                Bundle bundle=data.getExtras();
                Bitmap bit= (Bitmap) bundle.get("data");
                iv.setImageBitmap(bit);
            }else if(requestCode==REQ_2){
                try {
                     fis=new FileInputStream(mFilePath);
                    Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);
                    iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally {
                    try {
                        fis.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

3:自定义相机拍照
onResume()中获取相机并绑定surfaceView，开启预览

 @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if(mCamera==null){
            mCamera=getCamera();

            if (mHolder!=null){
                setStartPreview(mCamera,mHolder);
            }
        }
    }

 /**
     * 获取系统camera对象
     * @return
     */
    private Camera getCamera(){
        Camera camera=null;

    try {
       camera=Camera.open();
    }catch (Exception e){
        camera=null;
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

       return camera;
    }

 //实时预览相机图像
    private void setStartPreview(Camera camera,SurfaceHolder holder){
        try {
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//将相机与surfaceView控件绑定
            camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);//将相机试图旋转90度，因为默认是横屏显示
            camera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

当点击拍照的时候：

   //点击事件
    public void capture(View view){
        Camera.Parameters parameters=mCamera.getParameters();//参数
        parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
        parameters.setPictureSize(800, 400);
        parameters.setFlashMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_AUTO);//自动对焦

        mCamera.autoFocus(new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
                if (success) {
                    camera.takePicture(null, null, pictureCallback);
                }
            }
        });


    }

//拍照之后回调取数据
private Camera.PictureCallback pictureCallback=new Camera.PictureCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            File file=new File("/sdcard/temp.png");
            try {
                FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file);
                fos.write(data);

                fos.close();

                Intent intent =new Intent(CustomActivity.this,ResultActivity.class);
                intent.putExtra("picpath",file.getAbsolutePath());
                startActivity(intent);
                CustomActivity.this.finish();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    };

完整代码如下

public class CustomActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {

    private SurfaceView mSview;
    private Camera mCamera;
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;

    private Camera.PictureCallback pictureCallback=new Camera.PictureCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            File file=new File("/sdcard/temp.png");
            try {
                FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file);
                fos.write(data);

                fos.close();

                Intent intent =new Intent(CustomActivity.this,ResultActivity.class);
                intent.putExtra("picpath",file.getAbsolutePath());
                startActivity(intent);
                CustomActivity.this.finish();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.custom);

        initView();
        mHolder=mSview.getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
    }

    private void initView() {
        mSview= (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.preView);

        mSview.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                mCamera.autoFocus(null);//点击自动对焦
            }
        });

    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if(mCamera==null){
            mCamera=getCamera();

            if (mHolder!=null){
                setStartPreview(mCamera,mHolder);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        releaseCamera();
    }
     //点击事件
    public void capture(View view){
        Camera.Parameters parameters=mCamera.getParameters();//参数
        parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
        parameters.setPictureSize(800, 400);
        parameters.setFlashMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_AUTO);//自动对焦

        mCamera.autoFocus(new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
                if (success) {
                    camera.takePicture(null, null, pictureCallback);
                }
            }
        });


    }

    /**
     * 获取系统camera对象
     * @return
     */
    private Camera getCamera(){
        Camera camera=null;

    try {
       camera=Camera.open();
    }catch (Exception e){
        camera=null;
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

       return camera;
    }
    //实时预览相机图像
    private void setStartPreview(Camera camera,SurfaceHolder holder){
        try {
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//将相机与surfaceView控件绑定
            camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);//将相机试图旋转90度，因为默认是横屏显示
            camera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    //释放相机资源
    private void releaseCamera(){

        if(mCamera!=null){
            mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera=null;
        }
    }



    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        setStartPreview(mCamera, mHolder);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            setStartPreview(mCamera, mHolder);

    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        releaseCamera();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">


    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="30">


        <SurfaceView
            android:id="@+id/preView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="水印"
            android:textColor="#f6424a"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="61dp"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
    </RelativeLayout>


    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:text="capture"
        android:onClick="capture"/>

</LinearLayout>

public class ResultActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_result);

        String path=getIntent().getStringExtra("picpath");
       // Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path);
        ImageView iv= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.pic);
        //iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        try {
            FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(path);
            Bitmap bit = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);

            Matrix mat=new Matrix();
            mat.setRotate(90);         //把原来当位图旋转90度
            bit=Bitmap.createBitmap(bit,0,0,bit.getWidth(),bit.getHeight(),mat,true);

            iv.setImageBitmap(bit);

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


}