NSPredicate 利用谓词过滤做判断

Cocoa提供了一个类NSPredicate类，该类主要用于指定过滤器的条件，该对象可以准确的描述所需条件，对每个对象通过谓词进行筛选，判断是否与条件相匹配。谓词表示计算真值或假值的函数。 NSPredicate *predicate; predicate=[NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name=='Herbie'"];//用predicateWithFormat创建一个谓词，name作为键路径 BOOL match=[predicateevaluateWithObject:car];//car作为接收对象,evaluateWithObject返回一个bool值。 NSLog(@"%s",(match)?"YES":"NO"); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"engine.horsepower > 150"]; NSArray *cars = [garage cars]; for (Car *car in [garage cars]) { if ([predicate evaluateWithObject: car]) { NSLog (@"%@", car.name); } }遍历cars判断是否是真，然后输出。 predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"engine.horsepower > 150"]; NSArray *results; results = [carsfilteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];//它将循环过滤数组内容，根据谓词计算每个对象的值，并将值为YES的对象累计到将被返回的新数组中。 NSLog (@"%@", results);filteredArrayUsingPredicate这个方法可以得到我们所需要的值。加上 NSArray *names; names=[results valueForKey:@"name"]; NSLog (@"%@", names);就和上面的值一样。 NSMutableArray *carsCopy = [carsmutableCopy]; [carsCopyfilterUsingPredicate: predicate];//filterUsingPredicate和NSMutableArray构成新数组。 NSLog (@"%@", carsCopy); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"engine.horsepower > %d", 50]; results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); NSPredicate *predicateTemplate; NSDictionary *varDict; predicateTemplate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower > $POWER"];//创建一个键/值字典来存储，这里$符号用于变量 varDict = [NSDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumbernumberWithInt: 150],@"POWER", nil];//@后面参数名 predicate = [predicateTemplatepredicateWithSubstitutionVariables: varDict]; results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat: @"(engine.horsepower > 50) AND (engine.horsepower < 200)"];//可以运用运算符 results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"oop %@", results); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN { 50, 200 }"];//这里可以运用between关键字。和上面效果一样 results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); NSArray *betweens = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumbernumberWithInt: 50], [NSNumbernumberWithInt: 200],nil]; predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN %@", betweens]; results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); predicateTemplate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"engine.horsepower BETWEEN $POWERS"]; varDict = [NSDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: betweens, @"POWERS", nil]; predicate = [predicateTemplatepredicateWithSubstitutionVariables: varDict];//用变量 results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name < 'Newton'"];//不等号不仅可以用于数字，也可以用于字符串值。 results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];//包含在其中用IN results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"SELF.name IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];//self关键字 results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]); names = [cars valueForKey: @"name"]; predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"SELF IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];//self关键字 results = [namesfilteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name BEGINSWITH 'Bad'"];//字符串运算符BEGINSWITH,ENDSWITH,CONTAINS[c][d][cd] results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); BEGINSWITH：检查某个字符串是否以另一个字符串开头。 ENDSWITH：检查某个字符串是否以另一个字符串结尾。 CONTAINS：检查某个字符串是否以另一个字符串内部。 [c]不区分大小写[d]不区分发音符号即没有重音符号[cd]既不区分大小写，又不区分发音符号。 predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name LIKE[cd] '*er*'"];//*代表通配符Like还接受[cd]. results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results); predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"name LIKE[cd] '???er*'"];//?只匹配一个字符并且还可以接受[cd]. results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; NSLog (@"%@", results);