利用python-opencv进行颜色标定

思路：对图片进行，按照像素点的通道值是否属于目标颜色的通道值范围，转化为二值图，然后讲目标颜色区域色块进行显示

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
用摄像头捕获视频，人脸检测，眼睛检测
"""
import numpy as np
import cv2
import time
##from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
def nothing(x):
    pass




cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.createTrackbar('h_min','image',1,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('h_max','image',9,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('s_min','image',71,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('s_max','image',255,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('v_min','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('v_max','image',255,255,nothing)

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while(cap.isOpened()):
    ret, img = cap.read()
    if ret==True:
##        img = cv2.imread("psb.jpg")
        
        # 转换到 HSV
        h_min=cv2.getTrackbarPos('h_min','image')
        h_max=cv2.getTrackbarPos('h_max','image')
        s_min=cv2.getTrackbarPos('s_min','image')
        s_max=cv2.getTrackbarPos('s_max','image')
        v_min=cv2.getTrackbarPos('v_min','image')
        v_max=cv2.getTrackbarPos('v_max','image')
        # 设定蓝色的阈值
        lower_blue=np.array([h_min,s_min,v_min])
        upper_blue=np.array([h_max,s_max,v_max])
        # 根据阈值构建掩模
        a=time.time()
        hsv=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
        mask=cv2.inRange(hsv,lower_blue,upper_blue)
        b=time.time()
        print b-a
        cv2.imshow('mask',mask)
        # 两次腐蚀和膨胀
        kernel = np.ones((5,5),np.uint8)
        mask = cv2.erode(mask,kernel,iterations = 1)
        mask = cv2.dilate(mask,kernel,iterations = 1)
        mask = cv2.erode(mask,kernel,iterations = 1)
        mask = cv2.dilate(mask,kernel,iterations = 1)
        # 闭运算
        mask = cv2.morphologyEx(mask, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)
        #mask_img, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(mask,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(mask,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
            
        # 对原图像和掩模进行位运算
        res=cv2.bitwise_and(img,img,mask=mask)
        area_max=0
        # 显示图像
        cv2.imshow('image',img)
        cv2.imshow('frame',img)
        cv2.imshow('res',res)


        cv2.waitKey(int(50))
        
    else:
        break
cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()