以CRC16作为参考:
CRC16常见的标准有以下几种,被用在各个规范中,其算法原理基本一致,就是在数据的输入和输出有所差异,下边把这些标准的差异列出,并给出C语言的算法实现。
CRC16_CCITT:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_CCITT_FALSE:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0xFFFF,低位在后,高位在前,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_XMODEM:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在后,高位在前,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_X25:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
CRC16_MODBUS:多项式x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005),初始值0xFFFF,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_IBM:多项式x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_MAXIM:多项式x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
CRC16_USB:多项式x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005),初始值0xFFFF,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
模式 | 多项式 | 初始值 | 数据位序 | 结果处理 |
CRC16_CCITT | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_CCITT_FALSE | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0xFFFF | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_XMODEM | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_X25 | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
CRC16_ MODBUS | x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005) | 0xFFFF | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_ IBM | x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_ MAXIM | x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
CRC16_ USB | x16+x15+x5+1(0x8005) | 0xFFFF | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
CRC16的算法原理:
1.根据CRC16的标准选择初值CRCIn的值。
2.将数据的第一个字节与CRCIn高8位异或。
3.判断最高位,若该位为 0 左移一位,若为 1 左移一位再与多项式Hex码异或。
4.重复3直至8位全部移位计算结束。
5.重复将所有输入数据操作完成以上步骤,所得16位数即16位CRC校验码。
根据算法原理与标准要求就能简单的写出具体程序:
- unsigned short CRC16_CCITT(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin) ;
- }
- unsigned short CRC16_CCITT_FALSE(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- return (wCRCin) ;
- }
- unsigned short CRC16_XMODEM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- return (wCRCin) ;
- }
-
- unsigned short CRC16_X25(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
- }
-
- unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin) ;
- }
- unsigned short CRC16_IBM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin) ;
- }
- unsigned short CRC16_MAXIM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
- }
- unsigned short CRC16_USB(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
- {
- unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
- unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
- unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
- while (usDataLen--)
- {
- wChar = *(puchMsg++);
- InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
- wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
- for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
- {
- if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
- wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
- else
- wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
- }
- }
- InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
- return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
- }
void InvertUint8(unsigned char *dBuf,unsigned char *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned char tmp[4];
tmp[0] = 0;
for (i=0; i< 8; i++) {
if (srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(7-i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
//}
}
void InvertUint16(unsigned short *dBuf,unsigned short *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned short tmp[4];
tmp[0] = 0;
for (i=0; i< 16; i++) {
if (srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(15 - i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}