1、设置好swap
2、安装所需的开发包
检验包是否存在:rpm -qa | grep sysstat
安装包步骤:
a) # mkdir /mnt/cdrom
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
(或:
# mount
之后查找iso镜像被mount到位置,在cd到该目录下)
# cd /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS
b) 安装命令:rpm -ivh sysstat-5.0.5-19.el4.x86_64.rpm
3、配置网络环境
a) # vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=00:0c:29:57:c0:02 NETMASK=255.255.0.0 IPADDR=192.168.0.200 GATEWAY=255.255.0.0 TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no IPV6INIT=no PEERDNS=yes |
l 等价于在Linux图形界面中设置:System→ Administration → Network
b) 重启网络:# service network restart
c) 修改host文件:# vi/etc/hosts
内容:
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.0.200 redhat4 myhost |
修改/etc/sysconfig/network中的hostname为redhat4:# vi /etc /sysconfig/network
(更多内容见“linux的hostname修改详解”)
d) 添加两个组和oracle用户,并将oracle用户置于两组中:
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
4、配置内核参数:# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在文件最后追加:
kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 4294967296 // 建议是内存的两倍 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 262144 |
添加后保存、退出,检验是否生效:# sysctl -p
# vi/etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 |
# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so |
# vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi |
5、创建安装目录以及授权给oracle用户:
# mkdir/u01/app/oracle -p
# chown -Roracle:oinstall /u01
# chmod -R 755 /u01
6、oracle用户下修改环境变量:
# su - oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=wolex export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk |
确保生效:$ source .bash_profile
检查是否正确:$ echo $ORACLE_SID
7、添加可视化:# xhost +
# w
14:48:54 up 42 min, 4 users, load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.06 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root :0 - 14:12 ?xdm? 43.01s 0.23s /usr/bin/gnome- root pts/1 :0.0 14:12 3:21 0.06s 0.03s -bash root pts/2 192.168.0.10 14:16 4:16 0.01s 0.01s -bash root pts/3 :0.0 14:27 0.00s 0.03s 0.00s w |
此命令是显示目前登入系统的用户信息。我们借此来查看IP信息以便下一步工作,分两种情况:
情况一:在服务器本地登录Linux,即直接按照下面设置(这里不设置其实也行):
#export DISPLAY=:0.0
情况二:在远程连接到服务器的,需要把连接到服务器的终端的IP地址设置上去,如使用SecureCRT来连接,如上终端IP是:192.168.0.10,所以设置应该为:
#export DISPLAY=192.168.0.10:0.0
8、安装oracle:
a) 如果安装目录不在/home/oracle下,需要给oracle用户授权,如安装目录在/oraapp下
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /oraapp
#chmod -R 755 /oraapp
b) # su - oracle
$cd /oraapp/database
$./runInstaller
c) 运行两个脚本
d) iSQL*Plus路径
iSQL*Plus URL: http://redhat4:5560/isqlplus
iSQL*Plus DBA URL: http://redhat4:5560/isqlplus/dba |
如果忘记端口号,也可以通过以下方法查找:
$more /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/install/portlist.ini
iSQL*Plus HTTP 端口号 =5560 |
9、创建数据库
a) 配置以使oracle用户能使用dbca命令创建数据库
i. $ vi .bash_profile
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:. |
ii. 使其生效:$ source .bash_profile
b) $ dbca
10、配置监听
$ netca
查看监听状态:$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-JUN-2012 16:17:41
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=redhat4)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 29-JUN-2012 16:15:22 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 19 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat4)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0))) Services Summary... Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s). Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "wolex" has 1 instance(s). Instance "wolex", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "wolexXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "wolex", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "wolex_XPT" has 1 instance(s). Instance "wolex", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully |
停用监听: $ lsnrctl stop [监听名,默认是LISTENER,如果使用默认则不需要此选项]
启用监听: $ lsnrctl start
● 之后再查看监听状态如果发现wolex数据库未READY:$ lsnrctl status
则执行以下命令启动数据库:
$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL>alter system register
● 在windows的浏览器中打卡em
● 在windows浏览器中打开iSQL*Plus
打开iSQL*Plus:$ isqlplusctl start
http://192.168.0.200:5560/isqlplus/
11、关闭数据库(依次:iSQL*Plus、EM、lsnrctl、DB )
● 检查网络状态:$ netstat -tulnp|grep 端口号
a) 检查状态:$ netstat -tulnp|grep 5560
关闭iSQL*Plus:$isqlplusctl stop
b) 关闭EM:
查看状态:$ netstat -tulnp|grep 1158 (或:$ emctl status dbconsole)
$emctl stop dbconsole
emctl启动命令: $ emctl start dbconsole
c) 关闭监听
查看状态:$ netstat -tulnp|grep 1521
$lsnrctl stop
d) 关闭oracle
关闭前先用命令$ w查看是否有人正在连接oracle,如果没有,执行关闭
$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL>shutdown immediate
关闭oracle后可用命令 $ ps查看进程
● 查看oracle的进程是否在运行:$ ps -ef|grep ora
12、启动整套服务步骤
a) 启动监听:$ lsnrctl start
b) 启动数据库:$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL>startup
c) 启动iSQL*Plus
$isqlplusctl start
d) 启动EM
$emctl start dbconsole
注意:EM一旦建立以后,Linux服务器的主机名就不要改变
13、配置监听
$ netmgr
本地连接:sqlplus / as sysdba
网络连接:
1、打开监听:lsnrctl start
关于监听的命令帮助:
$lsnrctl
LSNRCTL>help
start stop status
……
……
2、登录:
$sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.0.214:1521/wolex as sysdba
通过别名连接
$ netmgr
配置Service Naming (如添加别名wolex_2)
登录:
$sqlplus sys/oracle@wolex_2 as sysdba
● 也可以通过命令行配置监听
$ cd/$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
$ vi listener.ora
配置别名
$ vi tnames.ora
动态注册:
alter system register;