在工程项目中我们的项目需要根据不同的环境配置不同的程序参数,而常用的两种文件分别是ini文件和XML文件,接下来我来分析下在Linux下解析XML文件过程。
我们首先使用linux自带的libxml2来解析XML文件。
在libxml2中比较重要的数据结构是xmlNodePtr,它在libxml/tree.h中定义为
/**
* xmlNode:
*
* A node in an XML tree.
*/
typedef struct _xmlNode xmlNode;
typedef xmlNode *xmlNodePtr;
struct _xmlNode {
void *_private; /* application data */
xmlElementType type; /* type number, must be second ! */
const xmlChar *name; /* the name of the node, or the entity */
struct _xmlNode *children; /* parent->childs link */
struct _xmlNode *last; /* last child link */
struct _xmlNode *parent; /* child->parent link */
struct _xmlNode *next; /* next sibling link */
struct _xmlNode *prev; /* previous sibling link */
struct _xmlDoc *doc; /* the containing document */
/* End of common part */
xmlNs *ns; /* pointer to the associated namespace */
xmlChar *content; /* the content */
struct _xmlAttr *properties;/* properties list */
xmlNs *nsDef; /* namespace definitions on this node */
void *psvi; /* for type/PSVI informations */
unsigned short line; /* line number */
unsigned short extra; /* extra data for XPath/XSLT */
};
解析代码如下:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { if(2 != argc) { fprintf(stdout, "Please statrt this program with %s xmlfilepath!", argv[0]); return 1; } xmlDocPtr pDoc = xmlReadFile(argv[1], "UTF-8", XML_PARSE_RECOVER); //获取XML文档的指针 if(NULL == pDoc) { fprintf(stderr, "xmlParseFile Error in %s %d\n",__FUNCTION__, __LINE__); return -1; } xmlNodePtr pRoot = xmlDocGetRootElement(pDoc);//获取根节点 if(NULL == pRoot) { fprintf(stderr, "xmlDocGetRootElement Error in %s %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); xmlFreeDoc(pDoc); return -1; } printf("Node name is %s!\n", pRoot->name); xmlNodePtr pFirst = pRoot->xmlChildrenNode;//获取子节点 while(NULL != pFirst) { if(!xmlStrcmp(pFirst->name, (const xmlChar *)("monitor"))) { xmlNodePtr pSecond = pFirst->xmlChildrenNode; while(NULL != pSecond) { xmlChar* value= NULL; if(!xmlStrcmp(pSecond->name, (const xmlChar *)("name"))) { value = xmlNodeGetContent(pSecond); printf("\n%s-->%s\n", pSecond->name, value); xmlFree(value); value = NULL; } if(!xmlStrcmp(pSecond->name, (const xmlChar *)("path"))) { value = xmlNodeGetContent(pSecond); printf("\n%s-->%s\n", pSecond->name, value); xmlFree(value); value = NULL; } if(!xmlStrcmp(pSecond->name, (const xmlChar *)("log"))) { xmlNodePtr pThird = pSecond->xmlChildrenNode; while(NULL != pThird) { if(!xmlStrcmp(pThird->name, (const xmlChar *)("folderpath"))) { value = xmlNodeGetContent(pThird); printf("\n%s-->%s\n", pThird->name, value); xmlFree(value); value = NULL; } if(!xmlStrcmp(pThird->name, (const xmlChar *)("savedays"))) { value = xmlNodeGetContent(pThird); printf("\n%s-->%s\n", pThird->name, value); xmlFree(value); value = NULL; } pThird = pThird->next; } } pSecond = pSecond->next; } } pFirst = pFirst->next; } xmlFreeDoc(pDoc); return 0; }
使用的XML文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root>
<monitor>
<name>ftp</name> <!--监控的程序名称-->
<path>/usr/bin/</path> <!--程序绝对路径-->
<interval>30</interval> <!--间隔多久监控一次-->
<restartwait>30</restartwait> <!--程序被重启后,等待多久再进行监控-->
<ip>127.0.0.1</ip> <!--程序IP-->
<port>9878</port> <!--程序端口-->
<request>1;monitor</request> <!--发送给程序的报文-->
<response>The ftp is working ok.</response> <!--程序给监控的反馈报文-->
<log>
<folderpath>log/</folderpath> <!--程序日志保存目录-->
<savedays>2</savedays> <!--程序日志保存时间-->
</log>
</monitor>
</root>