Objective-C 对 URL 进行 URLEncode 编码

//使用到的函数原型
- (NSUInteger)replaceOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target 
                              withString:(NSString *)replacement 
                                 options:(NSStringCompareOptions)opts 
                                   range:(NSRange)searchRange;

CFStringRef CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(CFAllocatorRef allocator, 
                                                       CFStringRef originalString, 
                                                       CFStringRef charactersToLeaveUnescaped, 
                                                       CFStringRef legalURLCharactersToBeEscaped, 
                                                  CFStringEncoding encoding);
/**
 * URL encodes a string
 */
- (NSString*)stringByURLEncodingStringParameter;
 
//.m
- (NSString*)stringByURLEncodingStringParameter
{
    // NSURL's stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: does not escape
    // some characters that should be escaped in URL parameters, like / and ?;
    // we'll use CFURL to force the encoding of those
    //
    // We'll explicitly leave spaces unescaped now, and replace them with +'s
    //
    // Reference: <a href="%5C%22http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt%5C%22" target="\"_blank\"" οnclick='\"return' checkurl(this)\"="" id="\"url_2\"">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
     
    NSString *resultStr = self;
     
    CFStringRef originalString = (CFStringRef) self;
    CFStringRef leaveUnescaped = CFSTR(" ");
    CFStringRef forceEscaped = CFSTR("!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]");
     
    CFStringRef escapedStr;
    escapedStr = CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(kCFAllocatorDefault,
                                                         originalString,
                                                         leaveUnescaped,
                                                         forceEscaped,
                                                         kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
     
    if( escapedStr )
    {
        NSMutableString *mutableStr = [NSMutableString stringWithString:(NSString *)escapedStr];
        CFRelease(escapedStr);
         
        // replace spaces with plusses
        [mutableStr replaceOccurrencesOfString:@" "
                                    withString:@"%20"
                                       options:0
                                         range:NSMakeRange(0, [mutableStr length])];
        resultStr = mutableStr;
    }
    return resultStr;
}