文件的读写、加密

读取文本文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
void main(){
    char *path = "E:\\test.txt";
    //打开
    FILE *fp = fopen(path, "r");
    if(fp == NULL){
        printf("文件打开失败。。。");
        return；
    }
    //读取
    char buff[50];
    while(fgets(buff, 50, fp)){
        printf("%s", buff);
    }
    //关闭
    fclose（fp);
    system("pause");
    getchar();
}

写入文本文件

void main(){
    char *path = "E:\\test.txt";
    //打开
    FILE *fp = fopen(path, "w");
    cahr *text = "Hello, c++";
    fputs(text, fp);
    //关闭流
    fclose(fp);
    getchar();
}

二进制文件读写

• 计算机的文件存储在物理上都是二进制
• 文本文件和二进制之分，其实是一个逻辑之分
• c读写文本文件与二进制文件的差别仅仅体现在回车换行符
  
  • 写文本时，每遇到一个”\n”,会将其转换成”\r\n”（回车换行）
  • 读文本时，每遇到一个”\r\n”,会将其转换成”\n”

文件复制：

void main(){
    char *read_path = "E:\\test.txt";
    char *write_path = "E\\text_copy.txt";
    //读的文件，b字符表示操作二进制文件binary
    FILE *read_fp = fopen(read_path, "rb");
    FILE *write_fp = fopen(write_path, "wb");
    //复制
    int buff[50];//缓冲区域
    int len = 0; //每次都到的数据长度
    while(len = fread(buff, sizeof(int), 50, read_fp) != 0){
        //将读到的内容写入新的文件
        fwrite(buff,sizeof(int),len,write_fp);
    }
    //关闭流
    fclose(read_fp);
    fclose(write_fp);
    getchar();
}

获取文件的大小

void main(){
    char *read_path = "E:\\test.txt";
    FILE *fp = fopen(read_path, "r");
    //重新定位文件指针
    //SEEK_END文件末尾，0偏移量
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
    //返回当前的文件指针，相对于文件开头的偏移量
    long filesize = ftell(fp);
    printf("%d\n", filesize);
    getchar();
}

文本文件加密

异或规则：
1. a ⊕ a = 0
2. a ⊕ b = b ⊕ a
3. a ⊕b ⊕ c = a ⊕ (b ⊕ c) = (a ⊕ b) ⊕ c;
4. d = a ⊕ b ⊕ c 可以推出 a = d ⊕ b ⊕ c.
5. a ⊕ b ⊕ a = b
6. 若x是二进制数0101，y是二进制数1011
则x⊕y=1110
只有在两个比较的位不同时其结果是1，否则结果为0
即“两个输入相同时为0，不同则为1”！

//异或
//规则：相同为0，不同为1 
//加密
void crpypt(char normal_path[], char crypt_path[]){
    //打开文件
    FILE *normal_fp = fopen(normal_path, "r");
    FILE *crypt_fp = fopen(crypt_path, "w");
    //一次读取一个字符
    int ch;
    while((ch = fgetc(normal_fp)) != EOF){//End of File
    //写入异或运算
    fputc(ch ^ 9, crypt_fp);
    }
    //关闭
    fclose(crypt_fp);
    fclose(nromal_fp);
}

//解密
void decrpypt(char crypt_path[], char decrypt_path[]){
    //打开文件
    FILE ＊normal_fp = fopen(crypt_path, "r");
    FILE *crypt_fp = fopen(decrypt_path, "w");
    //一次读取一个字符
    int ch;
    while((ch = fgetc(normal_fp)) != EOF){
        //写入(异或运算)
        fputc(ch ^ 9, crypt_fp);
    }
    //关闭
    fclose(crypt_fp);
    fclose(normal_fp);
}

void main(){
    char *normal_path = "E:\\test.txt";
    char *crypt_path = "E:\\test_cry.txt";
    char *decrypt_path = "E:\\test_dec.txt";
    //加密
    crpypt(normal_path, crypt_path);
    //解密
    decrpypt(crypt_path, decrypt_path);
    getchar();
}

二进制文件加解密

//读取二进制文件中的数据时，一个一个字符读取
//密码：hellocpp
//加密
void crypt(char normal_path[], char crypt_path[], char password[]){
    //打开文件
    FILE *normal_fp = fopen(normal_path, "rb");
    FILE *crypt_fp = fopen(crypt_path, "wb");
    //一次读取一个字符
    int ch;
    int i = 0;／／循环使用密码中的字母进行异或运算
    int pwd_len = strlen(password);//密码长度
    while((ch = fgetc(normal_fp)) != EOF){
        //写入异或运算
        fputs(ch ^ password[i % pwd_len], crypt_fp);
        i ++;
    }
    //关闭
    fclose(crypt_fp);
    fclose(normal_fp);
}

//解密
void decrpypt(char crypt_path[], char decrypt_path[], char password[]){
    //打开文件
    FILE *normal_fp = fopen(crypt_path, "rb");
    FILE *crypt_fp = fopen(decrypt_path, "wb");
    //一次读取一个字符
    int ch;
    int i = 0;
    int pwd_len = strlen(password);//密码的长度
    while((ch = fgetc(normal_fp)) != EOF){
        //写入（异或运算）
        fputc(ch ^ password[i % pwd_len], crypt_fp);
        i ++;
    }
    //关闭
    fclose(crypt_fp);
    fclose(normal_fp);
}

void main(){
    char *normal_path = "E:\\test.png";
    char *crypt_path = "E:\\test_cry.png";
    char *decrypt_path = "E:\\test_dec.png";
    //加密：
    crpypt(normal_path, crypt_path, "hellocpp");
    //解密
    decrpypt(crypt_path, decrypt_path, "hellocpp");
    getchar();
}