oracle 之Extract 函数

本文出自：http://www.cnblogs.com/zq281660880/archive/2012/11/09/2762179.html

原文：

//oracle中extract()函数从oracle 9i中引入,用于从一个 date 或者interval类型中截取到特定的部分  

//语法如下：  

EXTRACT (  

         { YEAR | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND }  

         | { TIMEZONE_HOUR | TIMEZONE_MINUTE }  

         | { TIMEZONE_REGION | TIMEZONE_ABBR }  

FROM { date_value | interval_value } )  

//我们只可以从一个 date 类型中截取 year , month , day ( date 日期的格式为yyyy-mm-dd);  

//我们只可以从一个 timestamp with time zone 的数据类型中截取TIMEZONE_HOUR和TIMEZONE_MINUTE;  

select extract( year from date '2011-05-17' ) year from dual;  

       YEAR  

----------  

       2011  

select extract( month from date '2011-05-17' ) month from dual;  

      MONTH  

----------  

          5  

select extract( day from date '2011-05-17' ) day from dual;  

        DAY  

----------  

         17  

//获取两个日期之间的具体时间间隔，extract函数是最好的选择  

select extract( day from dt2-dt1) day  

       ,extract( hour from dt2-dt1) hour  

       ,extract( minute from dt2-dt1) minute  

       ,extract( second from dt2-dt1) second  

from (  

      select to_timestamp( '2011-02-04 15:07:00' , 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' ) dt1  

            ,to_timestamp( '2011-05-17 19:08:46' , 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' ) dt2  

      from dual)  

/  

        DAY       HOUR     MINUTE     SECOND  

---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  

        102          4          1         46  

--  

select extract( year from systimestamp) year  

       ,extract( month from systimestamp) month  

       ,extract( day from systimestamp) day  

       ,extract( minute from systimestamp) minute  

       ,extract( second from systimestamp) second  

       ,extract(timezone_hour from systimestamp) th  

       ,extract(timezone_minute from systimestamp) tm  

       ,extract(timezone_region from systimestamp) tr  

       ,extract(timezone_abbr from systimestamp) ta  

from dual  

/  

      YEAR      MONTH        DAY     MINUTE     SECOND         TH         TM TR         TA  

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------  

       2011          5         17          7     14.843          8          0 UNKNOWN   UNK  

//