每日一题 No.37 AI贪吃蛇（二）

本题要求：

昨天做了手动的贪吃蛇，今天让我们的小蛇自己吃苹果吧~

输入格式：

无

输出格式：

无

输入样例：

无

输出样例：

无

解题思路 :

看这里~

代码 :

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <iomanip>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>

using namespace std;

#define X 10
#define Y 10

enum FACE {UP_ = 0, DOWN_ = 1, LEFT_ = 2, RIGHT_ = 3};

int gameMap[X][Y];

void gotoXY(int x, int y) {
   //Initialize the coordinates
   COORD coord = {x, y};
   //Set the position
   SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

pair<int, int> apple;

class Snake {
    public:
        int x; // 头部位置 
        int y;
        int tx; // 尾巴位置 
        int ty;
        int food;
        int point; 
        FACE face;
        Snake(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            init(gameMap);
        }

        void init(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            x = X / 2;
            y = Y / 2;
            tx = -1;
            ty = -1;
            food = 0;
            point = 3;
            face = UP_;
            gameMap[x][y] = point;
            setFood(gameMap);
        }

        void setFace(FACE f) {
            switch(face) {
                case UP_:
                    if (f != DOWN_) {
                        face = f;
                    }
                    break;
                case DOWN_:
                    if (f != UP_) {
                        face = f;
                    }
                    break;
                case LEFT_:
                    if (f != RIGHT_) {
                        face = f;
                    }
                    break;
                case RIGHT_:
                    if (f != LEFT_) {
                        face = f;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        void setFood(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            int tempX, tempY;
            srand(time(0));
            do {
                tempX = rand() % (X - 1) + 1;
                tempY = rand() % (X - 1) + 1;
            } while (gameMap[tempX][tempY]);
            gameMap[tempX][tempY] = 2;
            apple.first = tempX;
            apple.second = tempY;
        }

        bool check(int gameMap[X][Y], int x, int y) {
            if (x < 0 || y < 0 || x >= X || y >= Y || (gameMap[x][y] != 2 && gameMap[x][y] != 0)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                if (gameMap[x][y] == 2) {
                    food++;
                    setFood(gameMap);
                }
                return true;
            }
        }

        bool move(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            moveTail(gameMap);
            return moveHead(gameMap);
        }

        bool moveHead(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            if (tx == -1) {
                tx = x;
                ty = y;
            }
            switch(face) {
                case UP_:
                    y--;
                    break;
                case DOWN_:
                    y++;
                    break;
                case LEFT_:
                    x--;
                    break;
                case RIGHT_:
                    x++;
                    break;
                default:
                    getch();
                    break;
            }
            if (check(gameMap, x, y)) {
                gameMap[x][y] = ++point;
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }

        void moveTail(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
            if (food != 0) {
                food--;
                return;
            }
            int nextX = tx;
            int nextY = ty;
            int fx[4] = {1, -1, 0, 0};
            int fy[4] = {0, 0, -1, 1};
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                if (gameMap[tx + fx[i]][ty + fy[i]] == gameMap[tx][ty] + 1) {
                    nextX = tx + fx[i];
                    nextY = ty + fy[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            gameMap[tx][ty] = 0;
            tx = nextX;
            ty = nextY;
        }
};

Snake snake(gameMap);

void init();
void display(int gameMap[X][Y]);
void setFood(int gameMap[X][Y]);
void control(int ch);

stack<int> bfs(pair<int, int> start, pair<int, int> end) {
    stack<int> path;
    int dist[101][101];
    int dist2[101][101];
    for (int i = 0; i < X; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < Y; j++) {
            dist[i][j] = 0x7f7f;
            dist2[i][j] = -1;
        }
    }
    queue<pair<int, int> > que;
    dist[start.first][start.second] = 0;
    que.push(start);
    int fx[4] = {0, 0, -1, 1};
    int fy[4] = {-1, 1, 0, 0};
    while (que.size()) {
        pair<int, int> now;
        now = que.front();
        que.pop();
        if (now == end) {
            break;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            int nx = now.first + fx[i];
            int ny = now.second + fy[i];
            if (nx >= 0 && ny >= 0 && nx < X && ny < Y && (gameMap[nx][ny] == 0 || gameMap[nx][ny] == gameMap[end.first][end.second]) && dist[nx][ny] == 0x7f7f) {
                que.push(pair<int, int>(nx, ny));
                dist2[nx][ny] = i;
                dist[nx][ny] = dist[now.first][now.second] + 1;
            }
        }
    }
    int d = dist2[end.first][end.second];
    while (d != -1) {
        path.push(d);
        switch(d) {
            case UP_:
                d = dist2[end.first][++end.second];
                break;
            case DOWN_:
                d = dist2[end.first][--end.second];
                break;
            case LEFT_:
                d = dist2[++end.first][end.second];
                break;
            case RIGHT_:
                d = dist2[--end.first][end.second];
                break;
        }
    }
    return path;
}


void moveFace(pair<int, int> &nowPos, int face) {
    switch(face) {
        case UP_:
            nowPos.second--;
            break;
        case DOWN_:
            nowPos.second++;
            break;
        case LEFT_:
            nowPos.first--;
            break;
        case RIGHT_:
            nowPos.first++;
            break;
    }
}

pair<int, int> findNear(int tx, int ty) {
    pair<int, int> p;
    int fx[4] = {1, -1, 0, 0};
    int fy[4] = {0, 0, -1, 1};
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        if (gameMap[tx + fx[i]][ty + fy[i]] == gameMap[tx][ty] + 1) {
            p.first = tx + fx[i];
            p.second = ty + fy[i];
            return p;
        }
    }
}
bool goAway() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        pair<int, int> nowPos(snake.x, snake.y); 
        moveFace(nowPos, i);
        stack<int> path = bfs(nowPos, findNear(snake.tx, snake.ty));
        if (!path.empty()) {
            snake.setFace((FACE)path.top());
            snake.move(gameMap);
            display(gameMap);
        }
    }
}

bool autoMove(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
    pair<int, int> nowPos(snake.x, snake.y); 
    stack<int> path = bfs(nowPos, apple);
    if (!path.empty()) {
        moveFace(nowPos, (FACE)path.top());
        if (snake.tx != -1) {
            stack<int> path2 = bfs(nowPos, pair<int, int>(snake.tx, snake.ty));
            if (!path2.empty()) {
                snake.setFace((FACE)path.top());
                snake.move(gameMap);
                display(gameMap);
            } else {
                goAway();
            }
        } else {
            snake.setFace((FACE)path.top());
            snake.move(gameMap);
            display(gameMap);
        }
    } else {
        goAway();
    }
    return true;
}
int main()
{
    init();
    display(gameMap);
    while (true) {
        if (kbhit()) {
            char a = getch();
            control(a);
        }
        if (autoMove(gameMap) == false) {
            return 0;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

void init() {
    memset(gameMap, 0, sizeof(gameMap));
    for (int y = 0; y < Y; y++) {
        for (int x = 0; x < X; x++) {
            if (x == 0 || y == 0 || x == X - 1 || y == Y - 1) {
                gameMap[x][y] = 1;
            }
        }
    }
    snake.init(gameMap);
}

void display(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
    for (int y = 0; y < Y; y++) {
        for (int x = 0; x < X; x++) {
            gotoXY(x * 2, y);
            switch(gameMap[x][y]) {
                case 0: // 空白 
                    cout << "  ";
                    break;
                case 1: // 墙 
                    cout << "■";
                    break;
                case 2: // 苹果 
                    cout << "★";
                    break;
                default: // 蛇身 
                    cout << "□";
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    gotoXY(snake.tx * 2, snake.ty);
    cout << "☆";
    gotoXY(0, 15);
    gotoXY(snake.x * 2, snake.y);
    cout << "●";
    gotoXY(0, 15);
    //getch();
}

void setFood(int gameMap[X][Y]) {
    int tempX, tempY;
    srand(time(0));
    do {
        tempX = rand() % (X - 1) + 1;
        tempY = rand() % (X - 1) + 1;
    } while (gameMap[tempX][tempY]);
    gameMap[tempX][tempY] = 2;
}


void control(int ch) {
    switch(ch) {
        case 'w':
        case 'W':
            if (snake.face != DOWN_) {
                snake.setFace(UP_);
            }
            break;
        case 'a':
        case 'A':
            if (snake.face != RIGHT_) {
                snake.setFace(LEFT_);
            }
            break;
        case 'd':
        case 'D':
            if (snake.face != LEFT_) {
                snake.setFace(RIGHT_);
            }
            break;
        case 's':
        case 'S':
            if (snake.face != UP_) {
                snake.setFace(DOWN_);
            }
            break;
    }
}