示例:
package com.learn;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
public class GetPath {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// 方式一
System.out.println("System.getProperty('user.dir')路径: "
+ System.getProperty("user.dir"));
// 方式二
System.out.println("System.getProperty('java.class.path')路径: "
+ System.getProperty("java.class.path"));
// 方式三
File f = new File("");
System.out.println("File.getAbsolutePath路径:" + f.getAbsolutePath());
System.out.println("File.getPath路径:" + f.getPath());
// 需抛出IOException
System.out.println("File.getCanonicalPath路径:" + f.getCanonicalPath());
// 方式四
System.out.println("class.getResource('').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getResource("").getPath());
System.out.println("class.getResource('/').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getResource("/").getPath());
// 方式五
System.out.println("class.getClassLoader().getResource('').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath());
}
}
项目地址:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
文件地址:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn\bin\com\Learn\GetPath.class
结果:
System.getProperty('user.dir')路径: E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
System.getProperty('java.class.path')路径: E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn\bin
File.getAbsolutePath路径:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
File.getPath路径:
File.getCanonicalPath路径:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
class.getResource('').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/com/learn/
class.getResource('/').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/
class.getClassLoader().getResource('').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/
方法解析:
一、利用System.getProperty()函数获取路径:
System.getProperty("user.dir") ;
System.getProperty("java.class.path");
System.getProperty()参数大全
# java.version Java Runtime Environment version
# java.vendor Java Runtime Environment vendor
# java.vendor.url Java vendor URL
# java.home Java installation directory
# java.vm.specification.version Java Virtual Machine specification version
# java.vm.specification.vendor Java Virtual Machine specification vendor
# java.vm.specification.name Java Virtual Machine specification name
# java.vm.version Java Virtual Machine implementation version
# java.vm.vendor Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor
# java.vm.name Java Virtual Machine implementation name
# java.specification.version Java Runtime Environment specification version
# java.specification.vendor Java Runtime Environment specification vendor
# java.specification.name Java Runtime Environment specification name
# java.class.version Java class format version number
# java.class.path Java class path
# java.library.path List of paths to search when loading libraries
# java.io.tmpdir Default temp file path
# java.compiler Name of JIT compiler to use
# java.ext.dirs Path of extension directory or directories
# os.name Operating system name
# os.arch Operating system architecture
# os.version Operating system version
# file.separator File separator ("/" on UNIX)
# path.separator Path separator (":" on UNIX)
# line.separator Line separator ("/n" on UNIX)
# user.name User’s account name
# user.home User’s home directory
# user.dir User’s current working directory
二、使用File提供的函数获取当前路径:
File directory = new File("");//设定为当前文件夹
try{
System.out.println(directory.getCanonicalPath());//获取标准的路径
System.out.println(directory.getAbsolutePath());//获取绝对路径
}catch(Exceptin e){}
File.getCanonicalPath()和File.getAbsolutePath()大约只是对于new File(".")和new File("..")两种路径有所区别。
# 对于getCanonicalPath()函数,“."就表示当前的文件夹,而”..“则表示当前文件夹的上一级文件夹
# 对于getAbsolutePath()函数,则不管”.”、“..”,返回当前的路径加上你在new File()时设定的路径
# 至于getPath()函数,得到的只是你在new File()时设定的路径
比如当前的路径为 C:/test :
File directory = new File("abc");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/test/abc
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/abc
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是abc
File directory = new File(".");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/test
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/.
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是.
File directory = new File("..");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/..
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是..
参考文章:
http://blog.csdn.net/snannan_268/article/details/5511614