app class loader总结

转自javaeye，作者bruce,原文链接http://forum.javaeye.com/viewtopic.php?t=11
摘录部分内容如下

Class Loader的作用范围：

BootStrap Class Loader:

load JRE/lib/rt.jar, sunrsasign.jar, charsets.jar, jce.jar, jsse.jar, plugin.jar

Ext Class Loader:

load JRE/lib/ext目录下的库文件, load JRE/classes目录下的类

App Class Loader:

load CLASSPATH变量指定路径下的类

以上的load路径都是写死在JVM的C++源代码里面的，不能改变，详细请见王森的《Java深度历险》

EJB Class Loader:

继承自App Class Loader，继承层次根据App Server有所不同，一个EJB Class Loader它的load Class的范围仅限于JAR或者EAR范围之内。App Server会针对每一个EJB包文件创建一个EJB Class Loader的实例.

Web App Class Loader:

继承自App Class Loader，继承层次根据App Server有所不同，一个Web App Class Loader:它的load Class的范围在 WEB-INF/lib下的库文件和WEB-INF/classes目录下的class文件。

Class Loader加载类的顺序:
The ClassLoader class uses a delegation model to search for classes and resources. Each instance of ClassLoader has an associated parent class loader. When requested to find a class or resource, a ClassLoader instance will delegate the search for the class or resource to its parent class loader before attempting to find the class or resource itself. The virtual machine's built-in class loader, called the "bootstrap class loader", does not itself have a parent but may serve as the parent of a ClassLoader instance.
一个例外:按照Servlet 规范， Web App Classloader的行为和普通的ClassLoader不同，它要先去load所需的Class，不成功在交给Parent来装入(除了jdk本身的类)。