python3+PyQt5 使用自定义模型保存数据并通过不同视图形式展示数据

python3+PyQt5 使用自定义模型保存数据并通过不同视图形式展示数据

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_c22e36090102x3ly.html

本文通过将创建自定义模型保存船只数据，并会用两个不同的表格视图形式来显示同样的模型。
实现自定义模型，继承QAbstractTableModel，具体参照QT库。

/home/yrd/eric_workspace/chap14/ships_model/ships.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import platform
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QAbstractTableModel, QDataStream,QFile,
 

            QIODevice, QModelIndex,QVariant, Qt,pyqtSignal)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication


NAME, OWNER, COUNTRY, DESCRIPTION, TEU = range(5)

MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x570C4
FILE_VERSION = 1


class Ship(object):

      def__init__(self, name, owner, country, teu=0, description=""):
              self.name = name
              self.owner = owner
              self.country = country
              self.teu = teu
              self.description = description


      def__hash__(self):
              return super(Ship, self).__hash__()


      def__lt__(self, other):
              return bool(self.name.lower()


      def__eq__(self, other):
              return bool(self.name.lower()==other.name.lower())



class ShipTableModel(QAbstractTableModel):
      dataChanged= pyqtSignal(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)

      def__init__(self, filename=""):
              super(ShipTableModel, self).__init__()
              self.filename = filename
              self.dirty = False
              self.ships = []
              self.owners = set()
              self.countries = set()


      defsortByName(self):
              self.beginResetModel()
              self.ships = sorted(self.ships)
              self.endResetModel()


      defsortByCountryOwner(self):
              self.beginResetModel()
              self.ships = sorted(self.ships,
                                                      key=lambda x: (x.country, x.owner, x.name))
              self.endResetModel()



      defflags(self, index):
              if not index.isValid():
                      return Qt.ItemIsEnabled
              return Qt.ItemFlags(
                              QAbstractTableModel.flags(self, index)|
                              Qt.ItemIsEditable)


      defdata(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
              if (not index.isValid() or
                      not (0 <= index.row() < len(self.ships))):
                      return QVariant()
              ship = self.ships[index.row()]
              column = index.column()
              if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
                      if column == NAME:
                              return ship.name
                      elif column == OWNER:
                              return ship.owner
                      elif column == COUNTRY:
                              return ship.country
                      elif column == DESCRIPTION:
                              return ship.description
                      elif column == TEU:
                              return ship.teu
              elif role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
                      if column == TEU:
                              return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter))
                      return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter))
              elif role == Qt.TextColorRole and column == TEU:
                      if ship.teu < 80000:
                              return QVariant(QColor(Qt.black))
                      elif ship.teu < 100000:
                              return QVariant(QColor(Qt.darkBlue))
                      elif ship.teu < 120000:
                              return QVariant(QColor(Qt.blue))
                      else:
                              return QVariant(QColor(Qt.red))
              elif role == Qt.BackgroundColorRole:
                      if ship.country in ("Bahamas", "Cyprus", "Denmark",
                                      "France", "Germany", "Greece"):
                              return QVariant(QColor(250, 230, 250))
                      elif ship.country in ("Hong Kong", "Japan", "Taiwan"):
                              return QVariant(QColor(250, 250, 230))
                      elif ship.country in ("Marshall Islands",):
                              return QVariant(QColor(230, 250, 250))
                      else:
                              return QVariant(QColor(210, 230, 230))
              return QVariant()


      defheaderData(self, section, orientation, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
              if role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
                      if orientation == Qt.Horizontal:
                              return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter))
                      return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter))
              if role != Qt.DisplayRole:
                      return QVariant()
              if orientation == Qt.Horizontal:
                      if section == NAME:
                              return QVariant("Name")
                      elif section == OWNER:
                              return QVariant("Owner")
                      elif section == COUNTRY:
                              return QVariant("Country")
                      elif section == DESCRIPTION:
                              return QVariant("Description")
                      elif section == TEU:
                              return QVariant("TEU")
              return QVariant(int(section + 1))


      defrowCount(self, index=QModelIndex()):
              return len(self.ships)


      defcolumnCount(self, index=QModelIndex()):
              return 5


      defsetData(self, index, value, role=Qt.EditRole):
              if index.isValid() and 0 <= index.row() <len(self.ships):
                      #self.beginResetModel()
                      ship = self.ships[index.row()]
                      column = index.column()
                      if column == NAME:
                              ship.name = str(value)
                      elif column == OWNER:
                              ship.owner = str(value)
                      elif column == COUNTRY:
                              ship.country = str(value)
                      elif column == DESCRIPTION:
                              ship.description = str(value)
                      elif column == TEU:
                              if str(value).isdecimal():
                                      ship.teu=int(value)
                      self.dirty = True
                      self.dataChanged[QModelIndex,QModelIndex].emit(index,index)
                      #self.endResetModel()
                      return True
              return False


      definsertRows(self, position, rows=1, index=QModelIndex()):
              self.beginInsertRows(QModelIndex(), position, position + rows -1)
              for row in range(rows):
                      self.ships.insert(position + row,
                                                          Ship(" Unknown", " Unknown", " Unknown"))
              self.endInsertRows()
              self.dirty = True
              return True


      defremoveRows(self, position, rows=1, index=QModelIndex()):
              self.beginRemoveRows(QModelIndex(), position, position + rows -1)
              self.ships = (self.ships[:position] +
                                          self.ships[position + rows:])
              self.endRemoveRows()
              self.dirty = True
              return True


      defload(self):
              exception = None
              fh = None
              try:
                      if not self.filename:
                              raise IOError("no filename specified for loading")
                      fh = QFile(self.filename)
                      if not fh.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly):
                              raise IOError(str(fh.errorString()))
                      stream = QDataStream(fh)
                      magic = stream.readInt32()
                      if magic != MAGIC_NUMBER:
                              raise IOError("unrecognized file type")
                      fileVersion = stream.readInt16()
                      if fileVersion != FILE_VERSION:
                              raise IOError("unrecognized file type version")
                      self.ships = []
                      while not stream.atEnd():
                              name = ""
                              owner = ""
                              country = ""
                              description = ""
                              name=stream.readQString()
                              owner=stream.readQString()
                              country=stream.readQString()
                              description=stream.readQString()
                              teu = stream.readInt32()
                              self.ships.append(Ship(name, owner, country, teu,
                                                                            description))
                              self.owners.add(str(owner))
                              self.countries.add(str(country))
                      self.dirty = False
              except IOError as e:
                      exception = e
              finally:
                      if fh is not None:
                              fh.close()
                      if exception is not None:
                              raise exception


      defsave(self):
              exception = None
              fh = None
              try:
                      if not self.filename:
                              raise IOError("no filename specified for saving")
                      fh = QFile(self.filename)
                      if not fh.open(QIODevice.WriteOnly):
                              raise IOError(str(fh.errorString()))
                      stream = QDataStream(fh)
                      stream.writeInt32(MAGIC_NUMBER)
                      stream.writeInt16(FILE_VERSION)
                      stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
                      for ship in self.ships:
                              stream.writeQString(ship.name)
                              stream.writeQString(ship.owner)
                              stream.writeQString(ship.country)
                              stream.writeQString(ship.description)
                              stream.writeInt32(ship.teu)
                      self.dirty = False
              except IOError as e:
                      exception = e
              finally:
                      if fh is not None:
                              fh.close()
                      if exception is not None:
                              raise exception


def generateFakeShips():
      for name,owner, country, teu, description in (
("Emma M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 151687,
  " W\u00E4rtsil\u00E4-Sulzer RTA96-C mainengine,"
  " 109,000 hp"),
("MSC Pamela", "MSC", "Liberia", 90449,
  "Draft 15m"),
("Colombo Express", "Hapag-Lloyd", "Germany", 93750,
  "Main engine, 93,500hp"),
("Houston Express", "Norddeutsche Reederei", "Germany",95000,
  "Features a twisted leading edge full spaderudder. "
  "Sister of Savannah Express"),
("Savannah Express", "Norddeutsche Reederei", "Germany",95000,
  "Sister of Houston Express"),
("MSC Susanna", "MSC", "Liberia", 90449, ""),
("Eleonora M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 151687,
  "Captain Hallam"),
("Estelle M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 151687,
  "Captain Wells"),
("Evelyn M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 151687,
  "Captain Byrne"),
("Georg M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933,""),
("Gerd M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933, ""),
("Gjertrud M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933,""),
("Grete M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933,""),
("Gudrun M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933,""),
("Gunvor M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 97933,""),
("CSCL Le Havre", "Danaos Shipping", "Cyprus", 107200, ""),
("CSCL Pusan", "Danaos Shipping", "Cyprus", 107200,
  "Captain Watts"),
("Xin Los Angeles", "China Shipping Container Lines (CSCL)",
  "Hong Kong", 107200, ""),
("Xin Shanghai", "China Shipping Container Lines (CSCL)", "HongKong",
  107200, ""),
("Cosco Beijing", "Costamare Shipping", "Greece", 99833, ""),
("Cosco Hellas", "Costamare Shipping", "Greece", 99833, ""),
("Cosco Guangzho", "Costamare Shipping", "Greece", 99833,""),
("Cosco Ningbo", "Costamare Shipping", "Greece", 99833, ""),
("Cosco Yantian", "Costamare Shipping", "Greece", 99833, ""),
("CMA CGM Fidelio", "CMA CGM", "France", 99500, ""),
("CMA CGM Medea", "CMA CGM", "France", 95000, ""),
("CMA CGM Norma", "CMA CGM", "Bahamas", 95000, ""),
("CMA CGM Rigoletto", "CMA CGM", "France", 99500, ""),
("Arnold M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496,
  "Captain Morrell"),
("Anna M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496,
  "Captain Lockhart"),
("Albert M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496,
  "Captain Tallow"),
("Adrian M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496,
  "Captain G. E. Ericson"),
("Arthur M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496,""),
("Axel M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 93496, ""),
("NYK Vega", "Nippon Yusen Kaisha", "Panama", 97825, ""),
("MSC Esthi", "MSC", "Liberia", 99500, ""),
("MSC Chicago", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Liberia", 90449, ""),
("MSC Bruxelles", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Liberia", 90449, ""),
("MSC Roma", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Liberia", 99500, ""),
("MSC Madeleine", "MSC", "Liberia", 107551, ""),
("MSC Ines", "MSC", "Liberia", 107551, ""),
("Hannover Bridge", "Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha", "Japan", 99500,""),
("Charlotte M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Clementine M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Columbine M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Cornelia M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Chicago Express", "Hapag-Lloyd", "Germany", 93750, ""),
("Kyoto Express", "Hapag-Lloyd", "Germany", 93750, ""),
("Clifford M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Sally M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Sine M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690, ""),
("Skagen M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Sofie M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Sor\u00F8 M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Sovereing M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Susan M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Svend M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Svendborg M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("A.P. M\u00F8ller", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,
  "Captain Ferraby"),
("Caroline M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Carsten M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Chastine M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("Cornelius M\u00E6rsk", "M\u00E6rsk Line", "Denmark", 91690,""),
("CMA CGM Otello", "CMA CGM", "France", 91400, ""),
("CMA CGM Tosca", "CMA CGM", "France", 91400, ""),
("CMA CGM Nabucco", "CMA CGM", "France", 91400, ""),
("CMA CGM La Traviata", "CMA CGM", "France", 91400, ""),
("CSCL Europe", "Danaos Shipping", "Cyprus", 90645, ""),
("CSCL Africa", "Seaspan Container Line", "Cyprus", 90645,""),
("CSCL America", "Danaos Shipping ", "Cyprus", 90645, ""),
("CSCL Asia", "Seaspan Container Line", "Hong Kong", 90645,""),
("CSCL Oceania", "Seaspan Container Line", "Hong Kong",90645,
  "Captain Baker"),
("M\u00E6rsk Seville", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 94724,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Santana", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 94724,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Sheerness", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 94724,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Sarnia", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 94724,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Sydney", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 94724,""),
("MSC Heidi", "MSC", "Panama", 95000, ""),
("MSC Rania", "MSC", "Panama", 95000, ""),
("MSC Silvana", "MSC", "Panama", 95000, ""),
("M\u00E6rsk Stralsund", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 95000,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Saigon", "Blue Star GmbH", "Liberia", 95000,""),
("M\u00E6rsk Seoul", "Blue Star Ship Managment GmbH","Germany",
  95000, ""),
("M\u00E6rsk Surabaya", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Germany", 98400,""),
("CMA CGM Hugo", "NSB Niederelbe", "Germany", 90745, ""),
("CMA CGM Vivaldi", "CMA CGM", "Bahamas", 90745, ""),
("MSC Rachele", "NSB Niederelbe", "Germany", 90745, ""),
("Pacific Link", "NSB Niederelbe", "Germany", 90745, ""),
("CMA CGM Carmen", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800, ""),
("CMA CGM Don Carlos", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800,""),
("CMA CGM Don Giovanni", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800,""),
("CMA CGM Parsifal", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800, ""),
("Cosco China", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 91649, ""),
("Cosco Germany", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800, ""),
("Cosco Napoli", "E R Schiffahrt", "Liberia", 89800, ""),
("YM Unison", "Yang Ming Line", "Taiwan", 88600, ""),
("YM Utmost", "Yang Ming Line", "Taiwan", 88600, ""),
("MSC Lucy", "MSC", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Maeva", "MSC", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Rita", "MSC", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Busan", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Beijing", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Toronto", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Charleston", "Offen Claus-Peter", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("MSC Vittoria", "MSC", "Panama", 89954, ""),
("Ever Champion", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands",90449,
  "Captain Phillips"),
("Ever Charming", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands",90449,
  "Captain Tonbridge"),
("Ever Chivalry", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands", 90449,""),
("Ever Conquest", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands", 90449,""),
("Ital Contessa", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands", 90449,""),
("Lt Cortesia", "NSB Niederelbe", "Marshall Islands", 90449,""),
("OOCL Asia", "OOCL", "Hong Kong", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Atlanta", "OOCL", "Hong Kong", 89000, ""),
("OOCL Europe", "OOCL", "Hong Kong", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Hamburg", "OOCL", "Marshall Islands", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Long Beach", "OOCL", "Marshall Islands", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Ningbo", "OOCL", "Marshall Islands", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Shenzhen", "OOCL", "Hong Kong", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Tianjin", "OOCL", "Marshall Islands", 89097, ""),
("OOCL Tokyo", "OOCL", "Hong Kong", 89097, "")):
              yield Ship(name, owner, country, teu, description)

/home/yrd/eric_workspace/chap14/ships_model/ships-model.pyw

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import QFile, QTimer, Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDialog, QHBoxLayout,QLabel,
              QMessageBox, QPushButton, QSplitter, QTableView, QVBoxLayout,
              QWidget)
import ships

MAC = True
try:
      fromPyQt5.QtGui import qt_mac_set_native_menubar
except ImportError:
      MAC =False


class MainForm(QDialog):

      def__init__(self, parent=None):
              super(MainForm, self).__init__(parent)

              self.model = ships.ShipTableModel("ships.dat")
              tableLabel1 = QLabel("Table &1")
              self.tableView1 = QTableView()
              tableLabel1.setBuddy(self.tableView1)
              self.tableView1.setModel(self.model)
              tableLabel2 = QLabel("Table &2")
              self.tableView2 = QTableView()
              tableLabel2.setBuddy(self.tableView2)
              self.tableView2.setModel(self.model)

              addShipButton = QPushButton("&Add Ship")
              removeShipButton = QPushButton("&Remove Ship")
              quitButton = QPushButton("&Quit")
              if not MAC:
                      addShipButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
                      removeShipButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
                      quitButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)

              buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout()
              buttonLayout.addWidget(addShipButton)
              buttonLayout.addWidget(removeShipButton)
              buttonLayout.addStretch()
              buttonLayout.addWidget(quitButton)
              splitter = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
              vbox = QVBoxLayout()
              vbox.addWidget(tableLabel1)
              vbox.addWidget(self.tableView1)
              widget = QWidget()
              widget.setLayout(vbox)
              splitter.addWidget(widget)
              vbox = QVBoxLayout()
              vbox.addWidget(tableLabel2)
              vbox.addWidget(self.tableView2)
              widget = QWidget()
              widget.setLayout(vbox)
              splitter.addWidget(widget)
              layout = QVBoxLayout()
              layout.addWidget(splitter)
              layout.addLayout(buttonLayout)
              self.setLayout(layout)

              for tableView in (self.tableView1, self.tableView2):
                      header = tableView.horizontalHeader()
                      header.sectionClicked[int].connect(self.sortTable)
              addShipButton.clicked.connect(self.addShip)
              removeShipButton.clicked.connect(self.removeShip)
              quitButton.clicked.connect(self.accept)

              self.setWindowTitle("Ships (model)")
              QTimer.singleShot(0, self.initialLoad)


      definitialLoad(self):
              if not QFile.exists(self.model.filename):
                      self.model.beginResetModel()
                      for ship in ships.generateFakeShips():
                              self.model.ships.append(ship)
                              self.model.owners.add(str(ship.owner))
                              self.model.countries.add(str(ship.country))
                      self.model.endResetModel()
                      self.model.dirty = False
              else:
                      try:
                              self.model.load()
                      except IOError as e:
                              QMessageBox.warning(self, "Ships - Error",
                                              "Failed to load: {0}".format(e))
              self.model.sortByName()
              self.resizeColumns()


      defresizeColumns(self):
              for tableView in (self.tableView1, self.tableView2):
                      for column in (ships.NAME, ships.OWNER, ships.COUNTRY,
                                                    ships.TEU):
                              tableView.resizeColumnToContents(column)


      defreject(self):
              self.accept()


      defaccept(self):
              if (self.model.dirty and
                      QMessageBox.question(self, "Ships - Save?",
                                      "Save unsaved changes?",
                                      QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==
                                      QMessageBox.Yes):
                      try:
                              self.model.save()
                      except IOError as e:
                              QMessageBox.warning(self, "Ships - Error",
                                              "Failed to save: {0}".format(e))
              QDialog.accept(self)

     
      defsortTable(self, section):
              if section in (ships.OWNER, ships.COUNTRY):
                      self.model.sortByCountryOwner()
              else:
                      self.model.sortByName()
              self.resizeColumns()


      defaddShip(self):
              row = self.model.rowCount()
              self.model.insertRows(row)
              index = self.model.index(row, 0)
              tableView = self.tableView1
              if self.tableView2.hasFocus():
                      tableView = self.tableView2
              tableView.setFocus()
              tableView.setCurrentIndex(index)
              tableView.edit(index)


      defremoveShip(self):
              tableView = self.tableView1
              if self.tableView2.hasFocus():
                      tableView = self.tableView2
              index = tableView.currentIndex()
              if not index.isValid():
                      return
              row = index.row()
              name = self.model.data(
                                      self.model.index(row, ships.NAME))
              owner = self.model.data(
                                      self.model.index(row, ships.OWNER))
              country = self.model.data(
                                      self.model.index(row, ships.COUNTRY))
              if (QMessageBox.question(self, "Ships - Remove",
                              "Remove {0} of {1}/{2}?".format(name,owner,country),
                              QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==
                              QMessageBox.No):
                      return
              self.model.removeRows(row)
              self.resizeColumns()


app = QApplication(sys.argv)
form = MainForm()
form.show()
app.exec_()

运行结果：