播放多媒体文件的类——Mediaplayer

播放音频

在Android中播放音频文件一般都是使用MediaPlayer类来实现的，它对多种格式的音频文件提供了非常全面的控制方法，从而使得播放音乐的工作变得十分简单。

下面列出MediaPlayer类中一些较为常用的控制方法。

方法名	功能描述
setDataSource()	设置要播放的音频文件的位置。
prepare()	在开始播放之前调用这个方法完成准备工作。
start()	开始或继续播放音频。
pause()	暂停播放音频。
reset()	将MediaPlayer对象重置到刚刚创建的状态。
seekTo()	从指定的位置开始播放音频。
stop()	停止播放音频，调用这个方法后的MediaPlayer对象无法再播放音频。
release()	释放掉与MediaPlayer对象相关的资源。
isPlaying()	判断当前MediaPlayer是否正在播放音频。
getDuration()	获取载入的音频文件的时长。

MediaPlayer的工作流程

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首先要创建出一个MediaPlayer对象，然后调用setDataSource()方法来设置音频文件的路径，再调用prepare()方法是MediaPlayer进入到准备状态，接下来调用start()方法就可以开始播放音频，调用pause()方法就会暂停播放，调用reset()方法就会停止播放。

主函数

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button mButtonStartMusic;
    private SeekBar mseekBar;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mButtonStartMusic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_player);
        mButtonStartMusic.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                MediaPlayer player = new MediaPlayer();
                player.reset();
                Log.d("music", "" + Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getAbsolutePath());
                File musicDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC);//得到Music文件在外部存储卡中的位置，它是File类型
//                File[] files=musicDir.listFiles();//用for-each循环来遍历一遍music中的音乐文件
//          for (File file:files) {
//              Log.d("music1",""+file.getAbsolutePath());
//          }
                File hongmeigui = new File(musicDir, "hongmeigui.mp3");
                try {
//                    player.setDataSource(files[1].getAbsolutePath());
                    player.setDataSource(hongmeigui.getAbsolutePath());

                    player.prepare();//在准备状态以后设置一个监听事件来防止直接开始调用start()引起的错误
                    player.setOnPreparedListener(new MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
                            mp.start();
                        }
                    });
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

特别注意：要在manifests中加上权限——<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>

布局

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button_player"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="播放音乐"/>
    <SeekBar
        android:id="@+id/seekbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />

这里SeekBar是用来显示播放进度的

随机播放音乐

#

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button mButtonStartMusic;

    private ListView mlistView;
    private  File[] musics;
    private Random random;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        random=new Random();
        mButtonStartMusic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_player);
       mlistView= (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
        File sdcard=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//得到外部存储位置
        File musicDir=new File(sdcard,"/aa");
        Log.d("music", musicDir.getAbsolutePath());
         musics=musicDir.listFiles();
        for (File music:musics){
            Log.d("music",music.getName()+"      "+music.getAbsolutePath());

        }
        mButtonStartMusic.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                MediaPlayer player = new MediaPlayer();
                player.reset();
                Log.d("music", "" + Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getAbsolutePath());
                try {
                   player.setDataSource(musics[random.nextInt(musics.length)].getAbsolutePath());

                    player.prepare();//在准备状态以后设置一个监听事件来防止直接开始调用start()引起的错误
                    player.setOnPreparedListener(new MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
                            mp.start();
                        }
                    });
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

模仿天天动听的音乐播放界面

主函数

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button mButtonStartMusic;
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private ListView mlistView;
    private  File[] musics;
    private Random random;
    private SeekBar mSeekBar;
    private MyReceiver receiver;
    private TextView mTextViewAll;
    private TextView mTextViewCurrent;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        receiver=new MyReceiver();
        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("com.example.play.music");
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
        mButtonStartMusic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_player);
        mTextViewAll= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_all_time);
        mTextViewCurrent= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_current_time);
        mlistView= (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
        mSeekBar= (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekbar);

        File sdcard=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC);//得到外部存储位置
//        File musicDir=new File(sdcard,"/Music");
        Log.d("music", sdcard.getAbsolutePath());
         musics=sdcard.listFiles();
//        for (File music:musics){
//            Log.d("music",music.getName()+"      "+music.getAbsolutePath());
//
//        }
        mInflater=getLayoutInflater();
        MusicAdapter adapter=new MusicAdapter(mInflater,musics);
        mlistView.setAdapter(adapter);
        mlistView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MyService.class);
                intent.putExtra("type",Config.START_NEW_MUSIC);
                intent.putExtra("musicName", musics[position].getAbsolutePath());
                startService(intent);
            }
        });
        mSeekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
      Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),MyService.class);
                intent.putExtra("type",Config.MUSIC_SEEK_TO);
                intent.putExtra("progress",seekBar.getProgress());
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

    }


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
    }

    class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            int type=intent.getIntExtra("type",0);
            switch (type){
                case 0:

                    int duration=intent.getIntExtra("duration",0);
                    mTextViewAll.setText(""+duration);
                    mSeekBar.setMax(duration);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    int currentTime=intent.getIntExtra("duration",0);
                    mTextViewCurrent.setText(""+currentTime);
                    mSeekBar.setProgress(currentTime);
                    break;
            }

        }
    }
}

MusicAdapter

public class MusicAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private File[] musics;

    public MusicAdapter(LayoutInflater mInflater, File[] musics) {
        this.mInflater = mInflater;
        this.musics = musics;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return musics.length;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder viewHolder=null;
        if (convertView==null){

            convertView=mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_view,null);
            viewHolder=new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.textviewName= (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview);
            viewHolder.imageview= (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageview);
            viewHolder.textviewSinger= (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview_sing);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);

        }
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();

        viewHolder.textviewName.setText(musics[position].getName());
        MediaMetadataRetriever mnr=new MediaMetadataRetriever();
        mnr.setDataSource(musics[position].getAbsolutePath());
        String singer=mnr.extractMetadata(MediaMetadataRetriever.METADATA_KEY_ARTIST);
        if (singer!=null){
            viewHolder.textviewSinger.setText(singer);
        }else{
            viewHolder.textviewSinger.setText("<未知>");
        }
        byte [] image=mnr.getEmbeddedPicture();
        if (image!=null){
            Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(image,0,image.length);
            viewHolder.imageview.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        }
        else{
            viewHolder.imageview.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        }
        return convertView;
    }
    class ViewHolder{
        TextView textviewName;
        ImageView imageview;
        TextView textviewSinger;
    }
}

MyService

public class MyService extends Service {
    private MediaPlayer player;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
       int type=intent.getIntExtra("type",Config.START_NEW_MUSIC);
        switch (type){
            case Config.START_NEW_MUSIC:
                StartNewMusic(intent);
                break;
            case Config.MUSIC_SEEK_TO:
                if (player!=null){
                    int progress=intent.getIntExtra("progress",0);
//                    player.pause();
                    player.seekTo(progress);
                    player.start();
                }
                break;
        }


        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    private void StartNewMusic(Intent intent) {
        String musicPath=intent.getStringExtra("musicName");
        if (player==null){
            player=new MediaPlayer();
        }
        else{
            player.stop();
        }
        player.reset();
        try {
            player.setDataSource(musicPath);
            player.prepare();
            player.setOnPreparedListener(new MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener() {
                @Override
                public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
                    mp.start();
                    int duration=player.getDuration();//得到总时长
                    Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.play.music");
                    intent.putExtra("type",0);
                    intent.putExtra("duration", duration);
                    sendBroadcast(intent);
                    MusicPlayThread thread=new MusicPlayThread();
                    thread.start();
                }
            });
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    class MusicPlayThread extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while(player.isPlaying()){
                int time=player.getCurrentPosition();
                Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.play.music");
                intent.putExtra("type",1);
                intent.putExtra("duration",time);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

常量放置类Config

public class Config {
    public static final int START_NEW_MUSIC=0;
    public static final int MUSIC_SEEK_TO=1;
}

activity布局

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
<ListView
    android:id="@+id/listview"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dip"
    android:layout_weight="1">


</ListView>
    <SeekBar
        android:id="@+id/seekbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        >
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button_player"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="播放音乐"
            android:layout_gravity="bottom"/>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textview_all_time"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="总时长"/>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textview_current_time"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="当前时间数"/>
    </LinearLayout>


</LinearLayout>

list_view布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textview"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textColor="#0000ff"
    />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageview"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textview_sing"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="演唱者"/>
</LinearLayout>

特别注意：在manifests中要加权限*<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>和<service android:name=".MyService"></service>*