Servlet跳转

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 08:56:29 发布

liushengmeng

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 08:56:29 发布

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分类专栏： jsp/javascript/java web

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liushengmeng/article/details/7985080

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1、客户端跳转

在Servlet中如果要想进行客户端跳转，直接使用HttpServletResponse接口的sendRedirect()方法即可，要注意的是：此跳转只能传递session范围的属性，无法传递request范围属性。

客户端跳转————ClientRedirect.java

package com.ls.servlet_04;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ClientRedirect extends HttpServlet {

    
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.getSession().setAttribute("name", "刘胜");
        request.setAttribute("info", "Java Web");
        response.sendRedirect("get_info.jsp");
    }

    
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ClientRedirect</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.ls.servlet_04.ClientRedirect</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ClientRedirect</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet_ClientRedirect</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

接收属性————get_info.jsp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>getInfo</title>
</head>
<%request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK"); %>
<body>
    <h2>session属性：<%=session.getAttribute("name") %></h2>
    <h2>request属性：<%=request.getAttribute("info") %></h2>
</body>
</html>

在地址栏输入“http://localhost:8080/servletdemo/servlet_ClientRedirect”（servletdemo根据自己的Myeclipse创建的工程名而定）

运行结果：

由于是客户端跳转，从运行程序结果可以发现，跳转后的地址栏是会发生变化的，只能接收session属性范围的内容，不能接收request属性范围的内容

2、服务器跳转

在Servlet中没有像JSP中<jsp:forward>指令，要想执行服务器跳转就必须依靠RequestDispatcher接口完成，此接口有两种方法：

public void forward （ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response）throws ServletException，IOException 页面跳转

public void include（ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response）throws ServletException，IOException 页面包含

使用RequestDispatcher接口的forward（）方法即可完成跳转功能的实现，但是如果要想使用此接口需要使用ServletRequest接口提供的方法实例化：

public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher（String path）取得RequestDispatcher接口实例

使用服务器跳转————ServerRedirect.java

package com.ls.servlet_05;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServerRedirect extends HttpServlet {

	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		request.getSession().setAttribute("name", "刘胜");
		request.setAttribute("info", "Java Web");
		RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("get_info.jsp");
		rd.forward(request, response);
	}
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}
}

配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ServerRedirect</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.ls.servlet_05.ServerRedirect</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ServerRedirect</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet_ServerRedirect</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

接收属性————get_info.jsp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>getInfo</title>
</head>
<%request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK"); %>
<body>
    <h2>session属性：<%=session.getAttribute("name") %></h2>
    <h2>request属性：<%=request.getAttribute("info") %></h2>
</body>
</html>

在地址栏输入“http://localhost:8080/servletdemo/servlet_ServerRedirect”（servletdemo根据自己的Myeclipse创建的工程名而定）

运行结果：