1、元组:不可修改元素集合
tuple =["apple","banana","grape","orange"]
print tuple[-1] %最后取元素 “orange”
print tuple[0:-2] %"apple""grape" 切片
#打包 tuple =["apple","banana","grape","orange"]
#解包 a,b,c,d=tuple
print a,b,c,d
t= ("apple",) %注意逗号,区分和圆括号的区别
遍历:range(),map()
2、列表:
list =["apple","banana","grape","orange"]
print list % 输出
print list[2] % 输出第三个元素值 grape
list.remove("apple") % 删除apple元素
list.append("watermelon") %在列表最后插入元素
list.insert(1,"grapefruit") % 在列表的第二个元素后面插入grapefruit
list.pop() %弹出(删除)最后一个元素,并返回结果
# list.remove("a") %出错,字符串a不在列表中
输入
输出
查找,排序,加法运算:
list =["apple","banana","grape","orange"]
print list.index("grape") % 输出grape的索引值 2
print "orange" in list %判断orange 是否在list里,返回true
list1=["apple", "banana"]
list2=["grape","orange"]
list1.extend(list2) %将list2扩展到list1中
list 3 =["watermelon"]
list1=list1+list3 %列表的加法运算,实现扩展
list1=["apple","banana"]*2 % 输出为 list 1 =["apple","banana","apple","banana"]
list.reverse() :函数的反转
list.sort() : 字母升序排序
set(list): 将list里重复的元素过滤掉
列表实现数据结构:
3、字典
字母、数字和元组都可作为索引