//: initialization/StaticInitialization.java
// Specifying initial values in a class definition.
/*
* 2018年3月20日10:09:27
* 代码位置: java编程思想 P95
*
* 代码片目的,为了说明:
* 无论创建多少个对象,静态数据都只占用一份存储区域。
* 而且static关键字不能应用于局部变量。
* 由代码执行的结果,可以得到如下的分析:
* 在调用StaticInitialization类的static main()函数时,会首先加载StaticInitialization
* 类内定义的成员,由执行结果看出,先加载了静态成员table, Table类型,
* 此时,进入Table类加载静态成员bow1, bow2,然后执行Table()构造器
* 然后加载了静态成员Cupboard cupboard, 执行结果如下:
* Bow(4)
* Bow(5)
* Bow(3)
* Cupboard()构造器
* 可以看出,在类中既有普通成员,又有static成员时,会先执行static成员。
* 而在main函数中调用new Cupboard()时,因为已经加载过该类,
* 所以静态成员不再初始化,而普通成员每个对象各有一份,所以
* 再次初始化了Bow(3)....
*
* */
import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
class Bowl {
Bowl(int marker) {
print("Bowl(" + marker + ")");
}
void f1(int marker) {
print("f1(" + marker + ")");
}
}
class Table {
static Bowl bowl1 = new Bowl(1);
Table() {
print("Table()");
bowl2.f1(1);
}
void f2(int marker) {
print("f2(" + marker + ")");
}
static Bowl bowl2 = new Bowl(2);
}
class Cupboard {
Bowl bowl3 = new Bowl(3);
static Bowl bowl4 = new Bowl(4);
Cupboard() {
print("Cupboard()");
bowl4.f1(2);
}
void f3(int marker) {
print("f3(" + marker + ")");
}
static Bowl bowl5 = new Bowl(5);
}
public class StaticInitialization {
public static void main(String[] args) {
print("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
print("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
table.f2(1);
cupboard.f3(1);
}
static Table table = new Table();
static Cupboard cupboard = new Cupboard();
} /* Output:
Bowl(1)
Bowl(2)
Table()
f1(1)
Bowl(4)
Bowl(5)
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
f2(1)
f3(1)
*///:~