用C语言实现一个类似学籍管理系统的 e协 管理系统beta ( 正在完善中...)

于 2005-12-21 10:41:00 发布
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分类专栏： C/C++ 文章标签： c 语言 fp null struct file
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lonelyforest/article/details/557934
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搞了很久, 终于搞出点眉目了, 不过还需要大大改进. /**-------------------------exie.h------------------**/

 #ifndef _EXIEBETA_H_
#define    _EXIEBETA_H_
/****************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>

#define  SIZE       sizeof ( struct member )
#define newMember   (Member)malloc(SIZE)
#define FORMAT      "/tID/t  name /t  sex/tage/tclass/
  /t/tlevel/tStatus/t/t  Achievement /n"

char _[]  = "***********************************************/
*************************************/n";
char FILENAME[] = "c://ememberinfo.emi";
char systemMsg[] =
"/n/t/t********************************************/n/t/
/t*                 E-System                  */n/t/
/t*                version 1.0               */n/t/
/t*------------------------------------------*/n/t/
/t*   By: lonelyforest                       */n/t/
/t*   QQ:     36274668                       */n/t/
/t*   E-mail: lonelyforest@126.com           */n/t/
/t********************************************/n";
                       
char helpMSG[] =  "/n-----------------------------------------------/n/t/
0. help/n/t/
1. display all members' information/n/t/
2. Record into the information/n/t/
3. Search  members' information/n/t/
4. Delete members' information/n/t/
5. Exit this system/n/t/
9. System information/n/
-----------------------------------------------/n/n";

static int id = 0 ;  /*为每个会员分配唯一的ID号*/

typedef  struct member{
         int    id;
         char   name[20];
         char   sex;
         int    age;
         char   class[20];
         int    level;
         char   statu[20];
         char   achievement[50];
         struct member *next;
}    *Member;


/*****---------------------****/

/***  用于接收数据的辅助函数, 可用于查找和录入信息 **/
 
Member get_msg()
{
       Member p = newMember;
       if ( !p ) {printf("/n malloc errer.../n"); exit(0);}
       printf("/nplease input members' information:/n");
       printf("ID (number):");
       scanf("%d", &p->id);
       printf("name : ");
       scanf("%s", p->name) ;
       printf("sex (f/m):");
       p->sex = getch();
       printf("%c", p->sex);
       printf("/nage (number):");
       scanf("%d", &p->age);
       printf("class :");
       scanf("%s", p->class);
       printf("level (integer):");
       scanf("%d", &p->level);
       printf("statu :");
       scanf("%s", p->statu);
       printf("achievement : ");
       scanf("%s", p->achievement);
       p->next = NULL;
       return p;
}

/**  创建记录辅助函数, */
Member create_member()                    
{
     Member p;    
     p=newMember;
     if( !p ) {printf("/n malloc errer..../n"); exit(0);}    
     p->id = id++;
     strcpy(p->name, "unnamed");
     p->sex = 'm';
     p->age = 21;
     strcpy(p->class, "class1");
     p->level = 0;                             /*级别 */
     strcpy(p->statu, "member");               /*身份   */
     strcpy(p->achievement, " have not achievenment");
     p->next = NULL;    
     printf("create_member()%d/n",p->id);
     return p;
}

/* 存储函数辅助 , count = 0表示全部 存储, bufferHead 为缓冲头指针,
*   rw  表示存储方式, "wb", "ab" , "wb+";
*/
 void save(Member bufferHead, FILE *fp, int count, char *rw )
 {
      Member p = bufferHead->next;
     
      if ( count == 0 ) {
/*如果是附加方式则关闭以前指针重新打开一个附加型指针 */
           if ( !strcmp(rw, "ab" ) ) {
  fclose(fp);
                fp = fopen( FILENAME, "ab" );
           }else {
                 fclose(fp);
                 fp = fopen( FILENAME, "wb" );
                 }
               
           while ( p ) {
                 if ( fwrite( p, SIZE, 1, fp) != 1 ) {
                      printf(" write errer /n" );
                      break;
                 }
                
                 p = p->next;
           }
      } else {
{ /*如果是附加方式则关闭以前指针重新打开一个附加型指针 */
             if ( !strcmp(rw, "ab" ) )
                fclose(fp);
                fp = fopen( FILENAME, "ab" );
             }else {
                 fclose(fp);
                 fp = fopen( FILENAME, "wb" );
                 }
            
             while ( p && count--){
                   if ( fwrite( p, SIZE, 1, fp) != 1 ) {
                      printf(" write errer /n" );
                      break;
                 }
                
                 p = p->next;
             }
            
      }
}

/*************读入函数, 用参数 count 控制读入数量
*              将数据读入到 内存,                */
 void  load( Member bufferHead, FILE *fp, int   count )
 {
       Member q, end, p = bufferHead;
       int i;
       if ( count != 0 ){
          for ( i = 0; i < count && !feof(fp); ++i) {
              q = newMember;
              q->next = NULL;
              p->next = q;
              p=p->next;
             
              if (fread(q, SIZE, 1, fp) != 1) /*因为feof(fp)返回的是文件结束 */
              { 
 /*信号, 所以这之前读的最后一个为错误值*/
                   p->next = NULL;
                   free(q);       
                   break;
              }
          }
       } else {
              while ( !feof(fp) ) {
                   
                    q = newMember;
                    q->next = NULL;
                    p->next = q;
                   
                    if (fread(q, SIZE, 1, fp) != 1)
                    { 
                         p->next = NULL;
                         free(q);
                         break;
                    }
                    p = p->next;
             
              }
             
       }
}

/************辅助函数,用于输出, 用参数控制输出个数****/
 void show( Member bufferHead, int count ) /*count = 0 表示全部输出. */
 {
      Member p = bufferHead->next;
      int i = 0;
      if ( count == 0 ) {
           printf(FORMAT);
           while(p != NULL) {        
                printf("%d/t%d/t%s/t   %c /t%d/t%s/t/t  %d/t%s/t/t%s/n",i++,
                p->id, p->name,p->sex,p->age,p->class,
                p->level, p->statu, p->achievement );
                p = p->next;
         }
      } else {
             for ( i = 0; i< count && p; ++i ) {
                 printf("%d/t%d/t%s/t   %c /t%d/t%s/t/t  %d/t%s/t/t%s/n",i,
                 p->id, p->name,p->sex,p->age,p->class,
                 p->level, p->statu, p->achievement );
                 p = p->next;
             }
      }

}

/************查找辅助函数, 返回找到值的前驱指针，否则返回空指针****
************返回前驱，主要有利于条件删除   ***********************/
Member find_if( const Member head, const Member val )
{
       Member p = head;
       Member q = NULL;
      
       while ( p && p->next ) {
             q = p;
             p = p->next;
             if ( ((p->id ==  val->id )
                   || !strcmp(p->name, val->name))
                   && p->sex == val->sex ) 
                   break;
                  
             if ( !p->next ) {
                  q = NULL;      
                  break;
             }
            
       }
      
       return q;
}


/* 以下函数主要用于测试是否存在存档文件, 如果没有, 则提示用户创建*/
int testfile()
{
    FILE *fp;
    if ( (fp = fopen( FILENAME, "rb" )) == NULL )
    {
         printf("这是您第一次运行本程序, 程序将会创建数据文件..%s/n",FILENAME );
        
         if ( (fp = fopen( FILENAME, "wb" )) == NULL ){
            printf(" create file fail..... " );
            return -1;
         }
        
         fclose(fp);
         printf("/nfile has created .../n");
         return 0;
    }
    return 0;
}
   
   

void free_memery( Member head )
{
     Member p = head->next;
     Member q;
     while(p != NULL )
     {
            q = p;
            p = p->next;            
            free(q);            
     }
 }
 
 
  /*******显示所有数据 *********/
  void Display( )           
 {
      struct member head;
      FILE *fp;
     
      if ( (fp = fopen(FILENAME, "rb")) == NULL )
      {
          printf( " cannot find the file %s/n", FILENAME);
          return ;
      }
 
      printf("display/n/t/t/t/tresultes/n%s",_);
      load(&head, fp, 0 );
     
      fclose(fp);
      show(&head, 0);
      printf("%s",_);
      free_memery(&head);
 }  
   
   
/*********查找函数，利用辅助查询函数
*********Member find_if( Member head, const Member val )
*********来接收查询到位置的前驱， 并且存储在新建连表中 */
 
void  Search( ) /*需要输入查询条件*/
{
      struct member   bufferHead, foundHead;
      Member val, found, p, q, temp;
      FILE *fp;
     
      val = found = p = q = temp = NULL;
      foundHead.next = NULL;
     
      printf("Search/n");
     
      if ( (fp = fopen(FILENAME, "rb")) == NULL )
         return ;
      else {
           load( &bufferHead, fp, 0 );
           if ( ferror(fp) ) {
                printf("...........file operate error......./n");
                return ;
           }
          
           fclose(fp);
          
           printf("please input the members' information,/
id or name,  and sex is necessary.../n");
           val = get_msg();
           p = &bufferHead;
           found = &foundHead;
          
           while ( p ) {
                 if (( temp = find_if(p, val )) != NULL ) {
                       temp = temp->next;
                       p = temp;
                       q = newMember;
                       *q = *temp;
                       q->next = NULL;
                       found->next = q;
                       found = found->next;
                 }
                 else  break;
           }
          
           if ( foundHead.next ) {
                printf("/n/t/t/tthe founded information/n%s",_);
                show(&foundHead, 0);
                printf("%s/n", _);
           } else {
                  printf("    ............no one has searched .........../n");
             }
                   
      }
     
      /****分别释放查询结果内存和文件缓冲内存
      *****以免内存泄露                    */
      free_memery(&foundHead);
      free_memery(&bufferHead);
 }

 void Record()
 {
      FILE *fp;
      struct member head;
      Member p,q;
      char ch;
     
      printf("Record/n");
     
      if ( (fp = fopen(FILENAME, "ab")) == NULL )
      {
          printf( " cannot find the file %s", FILENAME);
          return;
      }
     
     
      p=&head;
      printf("please members' information/n");
     
      do {
           q = get_msg();
           /*q = create_member();*/
           p->next = q;
           p = p->next;
           printf("/n do you want to input another member ? (y/n) : ");
           ch = getch();
           printf("%c", &ch);         
      } while ( ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y' );
     
      save(&head, fp, 0, "ab");
      free_memery(&head);
      fclose(fp);
 }
 
/***********需要输入删除条件否则删除所有内容**********/
void Drop( )
{
     FILE *fp;
     struct member bufferHead;
     Member p,q;
     char ch[2];
     bufferHead.next = NULL;
     printf(
" Delete /n Please choose :/n/t/
0. delete all data/n/
/t1. delete a member/nchoose :");
     scanf("%s", ch);
     if( ch[0] == '0' ) {
         if ( (fp = fopen( FILENAME, "wb" )) == NULL ) {
              printf("/ndelete file fail..../n");
         } else printf("/nall data has deleted..../n");
        
         return;
        
     } else if ( ch[0] == '1' ){
            if ( (fp = fopen( FILENAME, "rb+" )) == NULL ) {
                 printf(" open file %s error....../n", FILENAME);
                 return;
            }
           
            load( &bufferHead, fp, 0 );
            q = get_msg();
            p = find_if( &bufferHead, q);
            free(q);
            while ( p ) {
                  q = p;
                  p = p->next;
                  q->next = p->next;
                  free(p);
            }
            save( &bufferHead, fp, 0, "wb");
            free_memery(&bufferHead);
            fclose(fp);
      }
      else printf(" donot understand ..../n");
     
}
/************************************/
#endif


//-----exie.c
#include "exiebeta.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char choose;
    printf("%s", systemMsg);
   
    /***测试是否存在存档文件***/
    choose = testfile();
    if ( choose == 0 ){
         printf( "/n%s", helpMSG);  
            do {
               printf("please choose: ");
               choose = getch();  
               switch ( choose - 48 ) {
                      case 5: exit(0);
                      case 0: printf("%s", helpMSG); break;
                      case 1: Display();         break;
                      case 2: Record();          break;
                      case 3: Search();          break;
                      case 4: Drop();            break;
                      case 9: printf("%s", systemMsg); break;                 
                      default:
                        printf("/ncannot understand your command, please choose again!!/n" );
                        break;
                       }
               } while ( 1 );
     }
 
  system("PAUSE"); 
  return 0;
}


/*** 档案文件存储在 c 盘下面. 不过有个问题没解决,就是关于 id 号重复, 的问题, 当然还有很多,比如查询的问题,以及删除时所牵扯到的细节.我会不断完善,希望大家能够支持并且评论.

lonelyforest
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