先列出驱动程序框架:
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
static int first_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
printk("first_drv_open!!\n");
return 0;
}
static int first_drv_write(struct file *filp, char __user *buff,
size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{
printk("first_drv_write!!\n");
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations first_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = first_drv_open,
.write = first_drv_write,
};
static int __init first_drv_init(void)
{
printk("first_drv_init\n");
register_chrdev(123,"first_drv",&first_drv_fops);//主设备号为123
return 0;
}
static void __exit first_drv_exit(void)
{
printk("first_drv_exit\n");
unregister_chrdev(123,"first_drv");
}
module_init(first_drv_init);
module_exit(first_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
验证程序:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int main()
{
int fd ;
int val = 1;
fd = open("/dev/xxx",O_RDWR); //打开设备节点/dev/xxx
if(fd < 0){
printf("Can not open devices\n");
return -1;
}
write(fd,&val,4);//向设备节点做写操作
return 0;
}
创建设备节点:
mknod /dev/xxx c 123 0
执行测试程序的结果为:
/KO # ./first_drv_test
first_drv_open!!
first_drv_write!!
可以看到,执行测试程序后,会调用到底层驱动的open和write函数。接下来将驱动中的主设备号改为111测试,register_chrdev(111,"first_drv",&first_drv_fops);再运行测试程序发现结果如下:
/KO # ./first_drv_test
Can not open devices
这时的/dev/xxx的属性仍是:
crw-r--r-- 1 0 0 123, 0 Jan 1 00:05 /dev/xxx
所以打不开设备的错误提示。
二、自动获取主设备号:
方法:
major = register_chrdev(0,"first_drv",&first_drv_fops);
cat /proc/devices会发现:
180 usb
188 ttyUSB
189 usb_device
204 s3c2410_serial
253 first_drv
254 rtc
主设备号会被自动的分配为253.register_chrdev的返回值就是主设备号
三、如何自动注册设备节点,而不用手动mknod来设置?
定义类和设备
struct class *first_dev_class;
struct device *first_dev;
创建类和设备:
first_dev_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "first_drv_class");
first_dev= device_create(first_dev_class, NULL, MKDEV(major,0), NULL, "xyz");//创建的设备节点名字为:xyz ,最后会根据此时生成的系统信息来自动添加设备节点
销毁类和设备:
device_destroy(first_dev_class, MKDEV(major,0));
class_destroy(first_dev_class);