Hive集成Mysql作为元数据时，提示错误：Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

在进行Hive集成Mysql作为元数据过程中，做完所有安装配置工作后，进入到hive模式，执行show databases；执行正常，接着执行show tables；时却报错。

关键错误信息如下：

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes)

具体操作信息如下：

hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 8.638 seconds

hive> show tables;

FAILED: Error in metadata: MetaException(message:Got exception: org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.MetaException javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: An exception was thrown while adding/validating class(es) : Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:386)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1052)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4098)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4030)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2490)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2651)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2671)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2621)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:842)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:681)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingStatement.execute(DelegatingStatement.java:264)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingStatement.execute(DelegatingStatement.java:264)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatement(AbstractTable.java:730)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatementList(AbstractTable.java:681)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.create(AbstractTable.java:402)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.exists(AbstractTable.java:458)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.performTablesValidation(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2689)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.addClassTablesAndValidate(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2503)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.run(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2148)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.AbstractSchemaTransaction.execute(AbstractSchemaTransaction.java:113)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.addClasses(RDBMSStoreManager.java:986)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.addClasses(RDBMSStoreManager.java:952)
        at org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager.addClass(AbstractStoreManager.java:919)
        at org.datanucleus.store.mapped.MappedStoreManager.getDatastoreClass(MappedStoreManager.java:356)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.ExtentHelper.getExtent(ExtentHelper.java:48)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getExtent(RDBMSStoreManager.java:1332)
        at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl.getExtent(ObjectManagerImpl.java:4149)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.JDOQLQueryCompiler.compileCandidates(JDOQLQueryCompiler.java:411)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.QueryCompiler.executionCompile(QueryCompiler.java:312)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.JDOQLQueryCompiler.compile(JDOQLQueryCompiler.java:225)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.JDOQLQuery.compileInternal(JDOQLQuery.java:175)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.executeQuery(Query.java:1628)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.legacy.JDOQLQuery.executeQuery(JDOQLQuery.java:245)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.executeWithArray(Query.java:1499)
        at org.datanucleus.jdo.JDOQuery.execute(JDOQuery.java:243)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.getTables(ObjectStore.java:781)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingRawStore.invoke(RetryingRawStore.java:111)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy4.getTables(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.get_tables(HiveMetaStore.java:2327)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invoke(RetryingHMSHandler.java:105)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy5.get_tables(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.getTables(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:817)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.invoke(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:74)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy6.getTables(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getTablesByPattern(Hive.java:1009)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getAllTables(Hive.java:983)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask.showTables(DDLTask.java:2215)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask.execute(DDLTask.java:334)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Task.executeTask(Task.java:138)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.TaskRunner.runSequential(TaskRunner.java:57)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.launchTask(Driver.java:1336)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.execute(Driver.java:1122)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:935)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:259)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:216)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:412)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:755)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:613)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:160)


NestedThrowables:
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes)

FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask

处理方案：

修改我们创建的hive元数据库的编码字符集，如：

alter database hive_test character set latin1;