安卓使用MediaPlayer自定义音频视频播放器

全栈工程师开发手册 （作者：栾鹏）
安卓教程全解

安卓使用MediaPlayer，一般还要配置一个播放画面SurfaceView，和一个进度条SeekBar。

视频的播放会更改进度条的进度，也可以手动更改进度条来调节视频时间。MediaPlayer不想videoview以及集成了SurfaceView和MediaPlayer的相关准备，所以需要手动实现的功能还有很多。这里先实现一个播放器类。完成视频控制的功能。

下面的代码存储为Player.java类，内容中先

package com.lp.app.media;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnBufferingUpdateListener;
import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.widget.SeekBar;


//自定义视频播放器，使用MediaPlayer播放视频，需要制作视频界面，渲染数据的surfaceView（屏幕缓冲区）、滚动条SeekBar和播放前准备，

public class Player implements OnBufferingUpdateListener,OnCompletionListener, MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener,SurfaceHolder.Callback{

  private int videoWidth;
  private int videoHeight;
  public MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;  		//媒体播放器
  private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;  //渲染画面
  private SeekBar skbProgress;   		//播放进度

  private Timer mTimer=new Timer();
  public Player(SurfaceView surfaceView,SeekBar skbProgress)
  {
	  this.skbProgress=skbProgress;
	  this.skbProgress.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBarChangeEvent());
	  surfaceHolder=surfaceView.getHolder();
	  surfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
	  surfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	  mTimer.schedule(mTimerTask, 0, 1000);
  }
  
  

  
   //通过定时器和Handler来更新进度条
   TimerTask mTimerTask = new TimerTask() {
	   @Override
	   public void run() 
	   {
		    if(mediaPlayer==null)
		    	return;
		    if (mediaPlayer.isPlaying() && skbProgress.isPressed() == false) {
		    	handleProgress.sendEmptyMessage(0);
		    }
		}
	};
	//主界面接收消息更新进度条ui
	Handler handleProgress = new Handler() {
	   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
		    int position = mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition();
		    int duration = mediaPlayer.getDuration();
		     
		    if (duration > 0) {
		    	long pos = skbProgress.getMax() * position / duration;
		    	skbProgress.setProgress((int) pos);
		    }
	   };
   };
   
  //启动播放
  public void play()
  {
	  mediaPlayer.start();
  }
  //播放在线视频
  public void playUrl(String videoUrl)
  {
	  try {
		   mediaPlayer.reset();
		   mediaPlayer.setDataSource(videoUrl);
		   mediaPlayer.prepare();//prepare之后自动播放
		   //mediaPlayer.start();
		   Log.v("mediaPlayer", "在线视频开始播放");
	  } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
		  e.printStackTrace();
	  } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
		  e.printStackTrace();
	  } catch (IOException e) {
		  e.printStackTrace();
	  }
  }
  //暂停
  public void pause()
  {
	  mediaPlayer.pause();
  }
  //停止播放
  public void stop()
  {
	  if (mediaPlayer != null) 
	  { 
		  mediaPlayer.stop();
	      mediaPlayer.release(); 
	      mediaPlayer = null; 
	  } 
  }
  //跳转到多少毫秒
  public void seekTo(int ms)
  {
	  mediaPlayer.seekTo(ms);   //加载到多少毫秒
  }
  
  

//SurfaceView创建时调用
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
	try {
		mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
		mediaPlayer.setDisplay(surfaceHolder);
		mediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
		mediaPlayer.setOnBufferingUpdateListener(this);
		mediaPlayer.setOnPreparedListener(this);   //视频准备就绪事件
		Log.v("mediaPlayer", "视频准备就绪");
	 } catch (Exception e) {
	  Log.e("mediaPlayer", "error", e);
	 }
	
}


@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,int height) {
	 Log.v("mediaPlayer", "surface变化");
}

@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
	 Log.v("mediaPlayer", "surface销毁");
}


//视频准备就绪事件，启动播放
@Override
public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
	videoWidth = mediaPlayer.getVideoWidth();
	videoHeight = mediaPlayer.getVideoHeight();
	 if (videoHeight != 0 && videoWidth != 0) {
		 mp.start();
	 }
	 Log.v("mediaPlayer", "视频启动");
}


@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
	Log.v("mediaPlayer", "视频完成");
}


//缓冲进度变化事件（不是播放进度），其中percent是0～100的整数，代表已经缓冲好的多媒体数据的百分比
@Override
public void onBufferingUpdate(MediaPlayer mp, int percent) {
	 skbProgress.setSecondaryProgress(percent);
	 int currentProgress=skbProgress.getMax()*mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition()/mediaPlayer.getDuration();
	 Log.v("播放进度"+currentProgress+"% play", "缓冲进度"+percent + "% buffer");
}
  
//进度条监控，进度条变化要更改进度显示和视频时间。
class SeekBarChangeEvent implements SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {
	  int progress;
	  @Override
	  public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,boolean fromUser) {
		  // 原本是(progress/seekBar.getMax())*player.mediaPlayer.getDuration()
		  this.progress = progress * mediaPlayer.getDuration()/seekBar.getMax();
	  }
	  @Override
	  public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
	  
	  }
	  @Override
	  public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
		  // seekTo()的参数是相对与影片时间的数字，而不是与seekBar.getMax()相对的数字
		  seekTo(progress);
	  }
	}
  
}

然后我要自定义实现一个视频播放画面。mediaplay.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_linear"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
        <Button
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_start"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="启动" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_pause"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="暂停" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_stop"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="停止" />
        
    </LinearLayout>
    
    <SurfaceView
        android:layout_below="@id/mediaplay_linear"
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_surfaceView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

	<SeekBar
        android:layout_below="@id/mediaplay_linear"
        android:id="@+id/mediaplay_seekbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</RelativeLayout>

最后再activity中实现播放器类的调用和播放基本控制。
其中用户点击进度条调整观看的时间点，可以写在播放类player中，也可以写在activity中，而且最好写在activity中，因为除了点击进度条除了调整视频时间，可能还会调整其他UI。

package com.lp.app.media;

import com.lp.app.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.SeekBar;

//使用MediaPlayer播放视频，需要将视频界面，渲染surface和播放前准备，

//影片的时间变化，进度条变化，时间的提示变化要同步。用户可以通过进度条控制视频时间跳转.
public class MediaplayActivity extends Activity {

  Context context;
  SurfaceView surfaceView;
  public MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;   //媒体播放器
  private SeekBar skbProgress;
  private Player player;
  private Button btnPause, btnStart, btnStop;
  
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.mediaplay);
    context=this;
    surfaceView = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.mediaplay_surfaceView);
    
    btnStart = (Button)findViewById(R.id.mediaplay_start);
    btnPause = (Button)findViewById(R.id.mediaplay_pause);
    btnStop = (Button)findViewById(R.id.mediaplay_stop);
    
    btnStart.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
    btnPause.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
    btnStop.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
    
    skbProgress = (SeekBar) this.findViewById(R.id.mediaplay_seekbar);
    
    player = new Player(surfaceView, skbProgress);
    
  }
  
  //点击事件
  class ClickEvent implements OnClickListener 
  {
	  @Override
	  public void onClick(View view) {
		   if (view == btnPause) {
			   player.pause();
		   } else if (view == btnStart) {
			   String url="http://www.525heart.com/test.mp4";
			   player.playUrl(url);
		   } else if (view == btnStop) {
			   player.stop();
		   }
	  }
  }