常用查询

1 找出佣金高于薪金60%的雇员。    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE comm>sal*0.6;    
   
2 找出部门10中所有经理和部门20中所有办事员的详细资料。    
SELECT * FROM emp    
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK';    
   
3 找出部门10中所有经理，部门20中所有办事员以及既不是经理又不是办事员但其薪金大于或等2000的所有雇员的详细资料。    
SELECT * FROM emp    
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK' OR JOB NOT IN('MANAGER','CLERK') AND SAL>=2000;    
SELECT * FROM emp    
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK' OR (JOB<>'MANAGER' AND JOB<>'MANAGER' AND SAL>=2000);    
   
4 找出收取佣金的雇员的不同工作。    
SELECT DISTINCT JOB FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NOT NULL;    
   
5 找出不收取佣金或收取的佣金低于300的雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL OR COMM<300;    
   
6 找出各月最后一天受雇的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE HIREDATE=LAST_DAY(HIREDATE);    
--找出各月最后受雇的所有雇员    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE hiredate IN    
(SELECT maxh FROM    
(SELECT MAX(HIREDATE) AS maxh,EXTRACT(MONTH FROM hiredate)    
FROM EMP    
GROUP BY EXTRACT(MONTH FROM hiredate)));    
   
7 找出晚于26年之前受雇的雇员。    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)<=26*12;    
   
8 显示只有首字母大写的的所有雇员的姓名。    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename=initcap(ename);    
   
9 显示正好为5个字符的雇员的姓名。    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE length(ename)=5;    
   
10显示不带有“R”的雇员姓名。    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE instr(ename,'R')=0;    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename NOT LIKE '%R%';    
   
11显示所有雇员的姓名的前三个字符。    
SELECT substr(ename,1,3) AS en3 FROM emp;    
   
12显所有雇员的姓名，用a替换所有“A”。    
SELECT REPLACE(ename,'A','a') FROM emp;    
   
13显示所有雇员的姓名以及满10年服务年限的日期。    
SELECT ENAME,HIREDATE,ADD_MONTHS(HIREDATE,120) AS H_10Y FROM EMP;    
   
14显示雇员的详细资料，按姓名排序。    
SELECT * FROM EMP ORDER BY ENAME;    
   
15显示雇员姓名，根据其服务年限，将最老的雇员排在最前面。    
SELECT ENAME,HIREDATE FROM EMP ORDER BY HIREDATE;    
   
16显示所有雇员的姓名、工作和薪金，按工作内的工作的降序顺序顺序排序，而工作按薪金排序。    
SELECT ENAME,JOB,SAL    
FROM EMP    
ORDER BY JOB DESC,SAL;    
   
17显示所有雇员的姓名和加入公司的年份和月份，按雇员受雇日所在月排序，并将最早年份的项目排在最前面。    
SELECT ENAME,TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY-MM') AS Y_M    
FROM EMP    
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'MM'),TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY');    
   
18显示在一个月为30天的情况下所有雇员的日薪金，取整。    
SELECT ROUND(SAL/30) AS SAL FROM EMP;    
   
19找出在（任何年份的）2月受聘的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'MM')='02';    
   
20对于每个雇员，显示其加入公司的天数。    
SELECT CEIL(SYSDATE-HIREDATE) AS DY FROM EMP;    
   
21显示姓名字段的任何位置，包含“A”的所有雇员的姓名。    
SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%';    
SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE INSTR(ENAME,'A')>0;    
   
22以年、月和日显示所有雇员的服务年限。    
SELECT HIREDATE,    
   FLOOR(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)/12) AS Y,    
   MOD(FLOOR(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)),12) AS M,    
   MOD(FLOOR(SYSDATE-HIREDATE),30) AS D    
FROM EMP;    
   
23列出至少有一个雇员的所有部门。    
SELECT * FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO IN (SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP);    
   
24列出薪金比“SMITH”多的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL>(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE ENAME='SMITH');    
   
25列出所有雇员的姓名及其上级的姓名。    
SELECT ygb.ename AS empnm,sjb.ename AS mgrnm    
FROM emp ygb,emp sjb    
WHERE ygb.mgr=sjb.empno;    
   
26列出入职日期早于其直接上级的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM emp ygb WHERE hiredate<(SELECT hiredate FROM emp sjb WHERE sjb.empno=ygb.mgr);    
   
27列出部门和这些部门的雇员，同时列出那些没有雇员的部门。    
/* 
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp) 
UNION 
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp) 
*/   
SELECT dname,ename    
FROM dept a LEFT JOIN emp b    
ON a.deptno=b.deptno;    
   
28列出所有“CLERK”（办事员）的姓名及其部门名称。    
SELECT ename,dname    
FROM dept a,emp b    
WHERE a.deptno=b.deptno AND job='CLERK';    
   
29列出各种类型的最低薪金，并使最低薪金大于1500。    
SELECT job,MIN(sal)    
FROM emp    
GROUP BY job    
HAVING MIN(sal)>1500;    
   
30列出从事“SALES”（销售）工作的雇员的姓名，假定不知道销售部的部门编号。    
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE deptno=(SELECT deptno FROM dept WHERE dname='SALES');    
   
31列出薪金高于公司平均水平的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL>(SELECT AVG(SAL) FROM EMP);    
   
32列出与“SCOTT”从事相同工作的所有雇员。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB=(SELECT JOB FROM EMP WHERE ENAME='SCOTT') AND ENAME<>'SCOTT';    
   
33列出薪金等于在部门30工作的所有雇员的姓名和薪金。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL IN(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=30);    
   
34列出薪金高于在部门30工作的所有雇员的姓名和薪金。    
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL >ALL(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=30);    
   
35列出在每个部门工作的雇员的经理以及其他信息。    
SELECT A.*,B.*    
FROM DEPT A,EMP B    
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO AND JOB='MANAGER';    
/* 
SELECT A.*,B.* 
FROM (SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB<>'MANAGER') A,(SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB='MANAGER') B 
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO AND B.JOB='MANAGER' 
ORDER BY A.DEPTNO; 
*/   
   
36列出所有雇员的雇员名称、部门名称和薪金。    
SELECT ENAME,DNAME,SAL    
FROM DEPT A,EMP B    
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO;    
   
37列出从事同一种工作但属于不同部门的雇员的不同组合。    
SELECT * FROM emp ORDER BY job,deptno;    
   
38列出分配有雇员数量的所有部门的详细信息，即使是分配有0个雇员。    
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)    
UNION    
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)    
   
39列出各种类型工作的最低工资。    
SELECT job,MIN(sal)    
FROM emp    
GROUP BY job;    
   
40列出各个部门的MANAGER（经理）的最低薪金。    
SELECT MIN(sal) FROM emp WHERE job='MANAGER';    
   
41列出按年薪排序的所有雇员的年薪。    
SELECT sal*12 AS y_sal FROM emp ORDER BY sal*12;    
   
42列出薪金水平处于第四位的雇员。    
SELECT * FROM    
   (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)    
WHERE rn=4;    
   
43查找EMP表中前5条记录    
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ROWNUM<=5;    
   
44查找EMP表中10条以后的记录    
SELECT * FROM (SELECT a.*,ROWNUM AS rn FROM emp a) WHERE rn>10;    
   
45查找EMP表中薪水第5高的员工    
SELECT * FROM    
   (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)    
WHERE rn=5;    
   
46查找EMP表部门30中薪水第3的员工    
SELECT * FROM    
   (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(PARTITION BY deptno ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)    
WHERE rn=5 AND deptno=30;    
   
47查找EMP表中每部门薪水第3的员工    
SELECT * FROM    
   (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(PARTITION BY deptno ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)    
WHERE rn=3;    
   
48统计各部门的薪水总和.    
SELECT deptno,SUM(sal) AS sumsal    
FROM emp    
GROUP BY deptno;    
   
--每个部门员工和经理的详细信息:编号,姓名,薪水,入职日期,部门编号    
SELECT a.empno AS eno,a.ename AS enm,a.job AS ejob,a.sal AS esal,a.hiredate AS edate,a.deptno AS edept,    
        b.empno AS mno,b.ename AS mnm,b.job AS mjob,b.sal AS msal,b.hiredate AS mdate,b.deptno AS mdept    
FROM (SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job<>'MANAGER' AND job<>'PRESIDENT') a,(SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job='MANAGER') b    
WHERE a.deptno=b.deptno;