hdu5452 || 沈阳网络赛1003题 最近公共祖先问题

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5452

Problem Description

Given a simple unweighted graph  G  (an undirected graph containing no loops nor multiple edges) with  n  nodes and  m  edges. Let  T  be a spanning tree of  G .
We say that a cut in  G  respects  T  if it cuts just one edges of  T .

Since love needs good faith and hypocrisy return for only grief, you should find the minimum cut of graph  G  respecting the given spanning tree  T .

 

Input

The input contains several test cases.
The first line of the input is a single integer  t (1≤t≤5)  which is the number of test cases.
Then  t  test cases follow.

Each test case contains several lines.
The first line contains two integers  n (2≤n≤20000)  and  m (n−1≤m≤200000) .
The following  n−1  lines describe the spanning tree  T  and each of them contains two integers  u  and  v  corresponding to an edge.
Next  m−n+1  lines describe the undirected graph  G  and each of them contains two integers  u  and  v  corresponding to an edge which is not in the spanning tree  T .

 

Output

For each test case, you should output the minimum cut of graph  G  respecting the given spanning tree  T .

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   1
4 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
1 3
1 4
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   Case #1: 2
  
  

 

Source

2015 ACM/ICPC Asia Regional Shenyang Online

/*
hdu5452 || 沈阳网络赛1003题 最近公共祖先问题
题目大意：给定一个图的一棵生成树然后给出一些其他的边，没有重边和自环，问在取且仅取一条树边的前提下，图的最小割边的数量是多少
解题思路：num维护每个子树与外界的相连边的数量，对于每个非树枝边，每加一条其最近公共祖先的num值就要-2，最后用栈统计一下就可以了
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;
const int inf=0x3f3f3f3f;
const int maxn=111111;
const int maxm=411111;
int n,m,num[maxn],du[maxn],fa[maxn];

struct note
{
    int v;
    int w;
    int next;
};

struct SGRAPH
{
    int head[maxn],ip;
    note edge[maxm];
    void init()
    {
        memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
        ip=0;
    }
    void addedge(int u,int v,int c)
    {
        edge[ip].v=v,edge[ip].w=c,edge[ip].next=head[u],head[u]=ip++;
    }
    int d[maxn][20];
    void makeRmqIndex(int A[],int n){
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) d[i][0]=i;
        for(int j=1;(1<<j)<=n;j++)
            for(int i=1;i+(1<<j)-1<=n;i++)
                d[i][j] = A[d[i][j-1]] < A[d[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]]? d[i][j-1]:d[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1];
    }
    int rmqIndex(int L,int R,int A[])
    {
        int k=0;
        while ((1<<(k+1))<=R-L+1) k++;
        return A[d[L][k]]<A[d[R-(1<<k)+1][k]]? d[L][k]:d[R-(1<<k)+1][k];
    }
    //---------------------
    int E[maxn*2],R[maxn],D[maxn*2],mn;
    void dfs(int u,int p,int d){
        E[++mn]=u;
        D[mn]=d;
        R[u]=mn;
        fa[u]=p;
        for (int i=head[u];i!=-1;i=edge[i].next){
            int v=edge[i].v;
            if (v==p) continue;
            du[u]++;
            dfs(v,u,d+1);
            E[++mn]=u;
            D[mn]=d;
        }
    }
    void LCA_init(){
        mn=0;
        memset(R,0,sizeof(R));
        dfs(1,-1,1);
        makeRmqIndex(D,mn);
        //getd(1,-1,0);
    }
    int LCA(int u,int v){
        if (R[u]>=R[v]) return E[rmqIndex(R[v],R[u],D)];
        else return E[rmqIndex(R[u],R[v],D)];

    }
} solver;

int main()
{
    int T,tt=0;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        solver.init();
        for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
        {
            int u,v;
            scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
            solver.addedge(u,v,1);
            solver.addedge(v,u,1);
        }
        memset(du,0,sizeof(du));
        solver.LCA_init();
        memset(num,0,sizeof(num));
        for(int i=n;i<=m;i++)
        {
            int u,v;
            scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
            num[u]++;
            num[v]++;
            int ans=solver.LCA(u,v);
            num[ans]-=2;
        }
        stack<int>st;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            if(du[i]==0)st.push(i);
        }
        while(!st.empty())
        {
            int v=st.top();
            st.pop();
            int u=fa[v];
            du[u]--;
            num[u]+=num[v];
            if(du[u]==0&&u>0)
                st.push(u);
        }
        int ans=inf;
        for(int i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            //printf("%d::%d\n",i,num[i]);
            ans=min(ans,num[i]);
        }
        printf("Case #%d: %d\n",++tt,ans+1);
    }
    return 0;
}