s3c2440 lcd驱动源码文件是:drivers/video/s3c2410fb.c
看驱动源码首先当然是先看入口函数,这里是s3c2410fb_init函数
int __init s3c2410fb_init(void)
{
/* 注册一个s3c2410fb_driver平台驱动 */
int ret = platform_driver_register(&s3c2410fb_driver);
if (ret == 0)
ret = platform_driver_register(&s3c2412fb_driver);;
return ret;
}
出口函数,自然是注销s3c2410fb_driver平台驱动
static void __exit s3c2410fb_cleanup(void)
{
platform_driver_unregister(&s3c2410fb_driver);
platform_driver_unregister(&s3c2412fb_driver);
}
我们研究的是s3c2440,只关心s3c2410fb_driver,s3c2412fb_driver不用理会。
static struct platform_driver s3c2410fb_driver = {
.probe = s3c2410fb_probe,
.remove = s3c2410fb_remove,
.suspend = s3c2410fb_suspend,
.resume = s3c2410fb_resume,
.driver = {
.name = "s3c2410-lcd",
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
},
};
这里看到s3c2410fb_driver的name字段为s3c2410-lcd。回顾这钱前面章节说过的知识,如果linux系统中存在同名的平台设备时,就会调用平台驱动的probe函数。这里,如果存在有同名"s3c2410-lcd"的平台设备,就会调用s3c2410fb_driver的s3c2410fb_probe函数。
在source insight搜索s3c2410-lcd,很快就能搜索到arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/devs.c中有那么一段
struct platform_device s3c_device_lcd = {
.name = "s3c2410-lcd",
.id = -1,
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_lcd_resource),
.resource = s3c_lcd_resource,
.dev = {
.dma_mask = &s3c_device_lcd_dmamask,
.coherent_dma_mask = 0xffffffffUL
}
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(s3c_device_lcd);
其中平台设备中比较重要的是成员是resource,这里是s3c_lcd_resource
static struct resource s3c_lcd_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = S3C24XX_PA_LCD, /* 0x4D000000 */
.end = S3C24XX_PA_LCD + S3C24XX_SZ_LCD - 1,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,
},
[1] = {
.start = IRQ_LCD, /* IRQ = 32 */
.end = IRQ_LCD,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
}
};
static u64 s3c_device_lcd_dmamask = 0xffffffffUL;
那么接下来当然是要分析probe函数了
static int __init s3c2410fb_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
return s3c24xxfb_probe(pdev, DRV_S3C2410);
}
s3c2410fb_probe函数调用s3c24xxfb_probe函数,这是lcd驱动的关键函数之一,留到"linux lcd设备驱动剖析二"再分析,但是在分析这个函数前,需要来熟悉一下几个结构体。
linux lcd驱动中有个关键词叫帧缓冲,它是linux为显示设备提供的一个接口,它允许应用程序在图形模式下直接对显示缓冲区进行读写操作,用户不必关心物理显示缓冲区的具体位置及存放方式,这些都由帧缓冲设备驱动本身来完成。
帧缓冲设备为标准字符设备,主设备号为29,对应/dev/fbn 设备文件,帧缓冲设备最关键的一个数据结构是fb_info结构体,它包括了关于帧缓冲设备属性和操作的完整描述。
struct fb_info {
int node; //用作次设备号索引
int flags;
struct mutex lock; //用于open/release/ioctl函数的锁
struct fb_var_screeninfo var; //可变参数,重点
struct fb_fix_screeninfo fix; //固定参数,重点
struct fb_monspecs monspecs; //显示器标准
struct work_struct queue; //帧缓冲区队列
struct fb_pixmap pixmap; //图像硬件映射
struct fb_pixmap sprite; //光标硬件映射
struct fb_cmap cmap; //当前颜色表
struct list_head modelist; //模式链表
struct fb_videomode *mode; //当前video模式
char __iomem *screen_base; //显存基地址
unsigned long screen_size; //显存大小
void *pseudo_palette; //伪16色颜色表
#define FBINFO_STATE_RUNNING 0
#define FBINFO_STATE_SUSPENDED 1
u32 state; //硬件状态,如挂起
void *fbcon_par; //用作私有数据区
void *par; //info->par指向了额外多申请内存空间的首地址
};
s3c2410fb_info结构体,这是s3c2410抽像出来的特有信息
struct s3c2410fb_info {
struct device *dev; //设备
struct clk *clk; //时钟
struct resource *mem; //资源
void __iomem *io; //IO地址
void __iomem *irq_base; //IRQ基数
enum s3c_drv_type drv_type; //驱动类型,S3C2410或S3C2412
struct s3c2410fb_hw regs; //s3c2410 lcd硬件寄存器
unsigned int palette_ready; //调色板是否就绪标志位
/* keep these registers in case we need to re-write palette */
u32 palette_buffer[256]; //调色板缓冲区
u32 pseudo_pal[16]; //伪颜色表
};
s3c2410fb_display结构体,关于LCD参数的描述,如分辨率,LCD类型,BPP等等
/* LCD description */
struct s3c2410fb_display {
/* LCD type */
unsigned type;
/* Screen size */
unsigned short width;
unsigned short height;
/* Screen info */
unsigned short xres;
unsigned short yres;
unsigned short bpp;
unsigned pixclock; /* pixclock in picoseconds */
unsigned setclkval; /* clkval */
unsigned short left_margin; /* value in pixels (TFT) or HCLKs (STN) */
unsigned short right_margin; /* value in pixels (TFT) or HCLKs (STN) */
unsigned short hsync_len; /* value in pixels (TFT) or HCLKs (STN) */
unsigned short upper_margin; /* value in lines (TFT) or 0 (STN) */
unsigned short lower_margin; /* value in lines (TFT) or 0 (STN) */
unsigned short vsync_len; /* value in lines (TFT) or 0 (STN) */
/* lcd configuration registers */
unsigned long lcdcon5;
};
对于TQ2440的液晶屏实例为tq2440_lcd_cfg,为方便查阅这里省略了其他分辨率的参数设置
/* LCD driver info */
static struct s3c2410fb_display tq2440_lcd_cfg __initdata = {
.lcdcon5 = S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565 |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVLINE |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVFRAME |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_PWREN |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP,
.type = S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT,
/* TQ2440的液晶是4.3寸的,分辨率是480*272 */
#elif defined(CONFIG_FB_S3C24X0_TFT480272) /* config_EmbedSky_W43:CONFIG_FB_S3C24X0_TFT480272=y */
.width = 480,
.height = 272,
.pixclock = 40000, /* HCLK 100 MHz, divisor 1 */
.setclkval = 0x4,
.xres = 480,
.yres = 272,
.bpp = 16,
.left_margin = 19, /* for HFPD*/
.right_margin = 10, /* for HBPD*/
.hsync_len = 30, /* for HSPW*/
.upper_margin = 4, /* for VFPD*/
.lower_margin = 2, /* for VBPD*/
.vsync_len = 8, /* for VSPW*/
};
s3c2410fb_mach_info结构体,它包括了s3c2410fb_display结构体
struct s3c2410fb_mach_info {
struct s3c2410fb_display *displays; //s3c2410fb_display结构体
unsigned num_displays; //displays的个数
unsigned default_display; //默认的default_display个数
/* GPIOs */
unsigned long gpcup; //GPC
unsigned long gpcup_mask;
unsigned long gpccon;
unsigned long gpccon_mask;
unsigned long gpdup; //GPD
unsigned long gpdup_mask;
unsigned long gpdcon;
unsigned long gpdcon_mask;
/* lpc3600 control register */
unsigned long lpcsel;
};
要理解s3c24xxfb_probe函数,首先必须理清上面几个结构体之间的关系。