新装的hadoop2版本无法运行mapreduce的解决方法

一、解决

  在hadoop用户下执行hadoop classpath命令，我们可以得到运行 Hadoop 程序所需的全部 classpath 信息。

  然后vi .bashrc（Debian版本，Redhat版本下是.bash_profile文件）添加：

export CLASSPATH=.:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/common/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.5.2/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar

  使配置文件生效命令：source .bashrc
 

二、验证

运行一个Hadoop1版本简单的mr：
[hadoop@h40 ~]$ vi WordCount.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable; 
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text; 
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf; 
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapReduceBase;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.OutputCollector;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextOutputFormat;

public class WordCount {

    public static class Map extends MapReduceBase implements
            Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
        private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
        private Text word = new Text();

        public void map(LongWritable key, Text value,
                OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
                throws IOException {
            String line = value.toString();
            StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
            while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());
                output.collect(word, one);
            }
        }
    }

    public static class Reduce extends MapReduceBase implements
            Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
        public void reduce(Text key, Iterator<IntWritable> values,
                OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
                throws IOException {
            int sum = 0;
            while (values.hasNext()) {
                sum += values.next().get();
            }
            output.collect(key, new IntWritable(sum));
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        JobConf conf = new JobConf(WordCount.class);
        conf.setJobName("wordcount");

        conf.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        conf.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

        conf.setMapperClass(Map.class);
        conf.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
        conf.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);

        conf.setInputFormat(TextInputFormat.class);
        conf.setOutputFormat(TextOutputFormat.class);

        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(conf, new Path(args[0]));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(conf, new Path(args[1]));

        JobClient.runJob(conf);
    }
}

执行：

[hadoop@h40 ~]$ /usr/jdk1.7.0_25/bin/javac WordCount.java 

[hadoop@h40 ~]$ /usr/jdk1.7.0_25/bin/jar cvf xx.jar WordCount*class
added manifest
adding: WordCount.class(in = 1516) (out= 744)(deflated 50%)
adding: WordCount$Map.class(in = 1918) (out= 794)(deflated 58%)
adding: WordCount$Reduce.class(in = 1591) (out= 642)(deflated 59%)

[hadoop@h40 ~]$ vi he.txt
hello world
hello hadoop
hello hive
[hadoop@h40 ~]$ hadoop fs -mkdir /input
[hadoop@h40 ~]$ hadoop fs -put he.txt /input
[hadoop@h40 ~]$ hadoop jar xx.jar WordCount /input/he.txt /output（这个output目录不能存在）

[hadoop@h40 ~]$ hadoop fs -cat /output/part-00000
hadoop  1
hello   3
hive    1
world   1

  在网页中查看Job的具体信息，hadoop2版本中使用MapReduce JobHistory Server，http://jhs_host:port/，端口号默认为19888，地址由参数mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address配置管理

  [hadoop@h40 ~]$ mapred historyserver（在CRT端启动，自己不会退出，按Ctrl+c退出则页面也就无法加载）

三、hadoop put命令不好使的问题

  装完hadoop2.6.0-cdh5.5.2后put命令不好使，并且装完hive后导入本地数据也报错，put命令一直报这个错：

hadoop@debian:~$ hadoop fs -put he.tt /aaa
17/01/02 23:37:52 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: DataStreamer Exception
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(java.io.IOException): File /aaa/he.tt._COPYING_ could only be replicated to 0 nodes instead of minReplication (=1).  There are 0 datanode(s) running and no node(s) are excluded in this operation.
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.BlockManager.chooseTarget4NewBlock(BlockManager.java:1550)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:3286)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.addBlock(NameNodeRpcServer.java:676)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.addBlock(AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.java:212)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.addBlock(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:483)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:617)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1060)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2086)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2082)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1671)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2080)

        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1466)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1403)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:230)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy14.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.addBlock(ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java:399)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:256)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:104)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy15.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.locateFollowingBlock(DFSOutputStream.java:1674)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSOutputStream.java:1471)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSOutputStream.java:668)
put: File /aaa/he.tt._COPYING_ could only be replicated to 0 nodes instead of minReplication (=1).  There are 0 datanode(s) running and no node(s) are excluded in this operation.

  这个报错折磨了我好几天，最后才发现在装hadoop的时候主机名必须修改，我一开始认为不修改也没事，为了图方便就没改直接用的IP地址。

解决：

vi /etc/hosts （3节点都修改，可以把初始内容都删掉后添加如下内容）
192.168.8.11    h11
192.168.8.12    h12
192.168.8.13    h13

vi /etc/hostname （主节点，其他节点类似）
h11

reboot  （3节点都重启）