Servlet--ServletContext(二)共享信息
一、ServletContext作用
1、获取项目运行的真实路径
2、共享信息----ServletContext是项目的一个共享容器,当tomcat启动时,此类就被创建成功,当项目关闭时才会结束。在该类中存放的信息可以被整个项目获取,达到信息共享。同时也被用来做配置文件。
下面用一个例子描述Servlet实现共享信息的过程
二、ServletContext 共享信息
1、创建两个servlet类,实现ServletContext对象的存储信息和获取信息。
第一个servlet onservlet
package test07_3context;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class OneServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=Utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//接受用户名
String name = request.getParameter("name");
//创建context对象
ServletContext one = getServletContext();
//ServletContext对象添加name名称
if(name!=null&& !name.trim().equals("")){
one.setAttribute("var", name);
}
//获取添加的名称
String on = (String) one.getAttribute("var");
out.println("获取ServletContext存储的名字:"+on);
}
}
第二个Servlet towServlet
package test07_3context;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TowServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//在TowServlet中获取OneServlet的值
ServletContext tow = getServletContext();
//获取Oneservlet的setAttribute存储的string名称
String to = (String)tow.getAttribute("var");
out.print("在Tow中显示one的名称是:"+to);
}
}
2、web.xml 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<servlet>
<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
<servlet-name>OneServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>test07_3context.OneServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
<servlet-name>TowServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>test07_3context.TowServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>OneServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/OneServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>TowServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/TowServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3、写一个发送post请求的前端页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
This is my JSP page. <br>
<form action="OneServlet" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name" value=""/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
4、测试
1、OneServlet主要是发送信息,TowServlet主要是接受OneServlet发送的信息。当One发送的信息,在Tow中可以看到说明信息是可以共享的。
2、打开浏览器,输入测试地址:http://127.0.0.1:8080/test07_3/
3、在首页中输入信息,点击提交
5、在打开另一个浏览器,输入测试地址: http://127.0.0.1:8080/test07_3/TowServlet
4、可以看到第一个浏览器提交的信息,当第一个浏览器不断的提交信息,第二个浏览器不断的刷新就可以接受到第一个浏览器发送的信息。