分析Spring的BeanFactory与ApplicationContext的getBean方法-----区别

最近做项目，做测试时，无意中遇到了一个问题：分别用BeanFactory和用ApplicationContext的getBean方法获取dataSource，用ApplicationContext获取成功，而用BeanFactory获取则报错

 

Java代码  

1. public class DataSourceTest {   
2.        
3.     public static void main(String[] args) {   
4.         ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml");   
5.         DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");   
6.         System.out.println(ds);   
7.                 }   
8. }  

public class DataSourceTest {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml");
		DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");
		System.out.println(ds);
                }
}

 输出结果：org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource@1af33d6

 

Java代码  

1. public class JdbcTemplateTest {   
2.     static String delimiter = File.separator;   
3.     static String classpath = "resources"+delimiter+"spring"+delimiter+"applicationContext-hibernate.xml";   
4.            
5.     public static void main(String[] args) {   
6.         BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(new ClassPathResource(classpath));   
7.         DataSource ds = (DataSource) factory.getBean("dataSource");   
8.         /**  
9.          * 以上方法获得DataSource的Bean会报错：说找不到数据库的驱动类  
10.          *   
11.          * */  
12.         System.out.println(ds);   
13.   
14.     }   
15. }  

public class JdbcTemplateTest {
	static String delimiter = File.separator;
	static String classpath = "resources"+delimiter+"spring"+delimiter+"applicationContext-hibernate.xml";
		
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(new ClassPathResource(classpath));
		DataSource ds = (DataSource) factory.getBean("dataSource");
		/**
		 * 以上方法获得DataSource的Bean会报错：说找不到数据库的驱动类
		 * 
		 * */
		System.out.println(ds);

	}
}

 运行报错：

Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml]:

Error setting property values; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException;

nested PropertyAccessExceptions (1) are:
PropertyAccessException 1: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'driverClassName' threw exception;

nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not load JDBC driver class [${jdbc.driverClassName}]; nested exception is java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: ${jdbc.driverClassName}

 

我的配置文件位置如下所示：

resouces包-----
                   |

                   |

               config子包:放数据库配置信息：jdbc.properties文件

               spring子包：放spring的配置文件：applicationContext.xml

两个文件的内容如下：

jdbc.properties文件内容：

 

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:LOCALDEV
jdbc.username=ccic
jdbc.password=ccic

 

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans  
3.     xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
4.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"  
6.     default-autowire="byName">  
7.     <!-- 属性文件读入 -->  
8.     <bean id="propertyConfigurer"    
9.         class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
10.         <property name="locations">  
11.             <list>  
12.                 <value>classpath:resources/config/jdbc.properties</value>  
13.             </list>  
14.         </property>  
15.     </bean>  
16.        
17.     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">  
18.         <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>  
19.         <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />  
20.         <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />  
21.         <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />  
22.     </bean>  
23. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"
	default-autowire="byName">
	<!-- 属性文件读入 -->
	<bean id="propertyConfigurer" 
		class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="locations">
			<list>
				<value>classpath:resources/config/jdbc.properties</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
	</bean>
</beans>

 

问题：同样是读取同一个配置文件，Spring的BeanFactory与ApplicationContext的getBean方法有什么区别?为什么一个行一个不行呢？

我只知道它们两个在延迟加载方面有区别：BeanFactory的getBean是延迟加载，ApplicationContext的getBean是在容器启动时就创建

 

 

 

特性                            BeanFactory  ApplicationContext
Bean实例化/装配                      Yes          Yes
自动BeanPostProcessor注册          No           Yes
自动BeanFactoryPostProcessor注册  No           Yes
便捷的 MessageSource访问(i18n)    No           Yes
ApplicationEvent发送               No           Yes

 

 

ApplicationContext能够自动辨认和应用在其上部署的实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor的bean
如果要在BeanFactory中使用，bean factory post-processor必须手动运行

Java代码  

1. BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(new ClassPathResource(classpath));   
2. PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer cfg = new PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer();   
3. cfg.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("resources/config/jdbc.properties"));   
4. cfg.postProcessBeanFactory(factory);   
5. DataSource ds = (DataSource) factory.getBean("dataSource");