参考文章地址为:http://www.blogjava.net/xcp/archive/2008/09/13/s2s.html
整合原理:Struts2与Spring的集成要用到Spring插件包struts2-spring-plugin-x-x-x.jar,这个包是同Struts2一起发布的。Spring插件是通过覆盖(override)Struts2的ObjectFactory来增强核心框架对象的创建。当创建一个对象的时候,它会用Struts2配置文件中的class属性去和Spring配置文件中的id属性进行关联,如果能找到,则由Spring创建,否则由Struts 2框架自身创建,然后由Spring来装配。
整合步骤:
1.下载并导入相应的jar包,将我们刚下下来的struts2.0的lib里面的commons-logging-1.0.4.jar、ognl-2.6.11.jar、xwork-2.0.4.jar、freemarker-2.3.8.jar、struts2-core-2.0.11.1.jar以及struts2.0里面所需要的插件包struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.11.1.jar添加的WEB-INF/lib下面。然后导入spring所需的jar包
2.配置web.xml文件,引入struts2和spring框架
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 加载struts2核心 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 指明spring配置文件在何处 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 加载spring配置文件applicationContext.xml -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
3.配置struts.xml文件
1) 配置struts.objectFactory属性值。在struts.properties中设置struts.objectFactory属性值:struts.objectFactory = spring
或者在XML文件中进行常量配置:
<struts>
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
...
</struts>
2) 配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<action name="login" class="LoginAction">
<exception-mapping result="usernameInvalid" exception="org.topCSA.s2s.exception.UsernameException" />
<exception-mapping result="passwordInvalid" exception="org.topCSA.s2s.exception.PasswordException" />
<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
<result name="usernameInvalid">/usernameInvalid.jsp</result>
<result name="passwordInvalid">/passwordInvalid.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
4.配置applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
<bean name="loginService" class="org.topCSA.s2s.service.LoginService" />
<bean name="LoginAction" class="org.topCSA.s2s.action.LoginAction">
<property name="loginService">
<ref bean="loginService"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
主要的配置文件就是以上三个,首先通过web.xml的配置引入struts2和spring框架,其次在struts2中声明使用spring管理框架中的对象,最后在spring配置文件中对相关对象进行配置。
接下来参考别人文章中的一个实例,来实际运用spring和struts2的整合。实例判断用户登录的用户名和密码是否是指定值,以及相关异常的处理。
一、建立前台页面
1.用户登录肯定有一个用户登录页面login.jsp,如下:
<% @ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<! DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//CN" >
< html >
< head >
< title >login2 </ title >
</ head >
< body >
< s:form name ="login" action ="login" method ="post" >
< s:textfield name ="username" label ="帐号" ></ s:textfield >
< s:password name ="password" label ="密码" ></ s:password >
< s:submit ></ s:submit >
</ s:form >
</ body >
</ html >
2.若登录成功的index.jsp文件,如下:
<! DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//CN" >
< html >
< head >
< title >login2 </ title >
</ head >
< body >
< div >
< h4 >欢迎你! </ h4 >< font color ="red" >${username} </ font >
< br />
< h4 >你登录的密码是 < h4 >< font color ="red" >${password} </ font >;
</ div >
</ body >
</ html >
3、用户名非法提示页面.usernameInvalid.jsp(通过el表达示得到异常信息)
pageEncoding="GB18030" %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv ="Content-Type" content ="text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title >Insert title here </ title >
</ head >
< body >
用户名非法: < font color ="red" >${exception.message} </ font >
</ body >
</ html >
4、密码非法提示页面.passwordInvalid.jsp(struts2标签得到异常信息)
pageEncoding="GB18030" %>
<% @ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv ="Content-Type" content ="text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title >Insert title here </ title >
</ head >
< body >
密码非法: < FONT color ="red" >< s:property value ="exception.message" /></ FONT >
</ body >
</ html >
二、建立对应的action
1.提供用户请求服务的LoginService类
import org.topCSA.s2s.exception.PasswordException;
import org.topCSA.s2s.exception.UsernameException;
public class LoginService
{
/*
* 我们这只是一个小的例子,不与数据库打交到
* 若有数据库操作,那么在这个LoginService就是操作具体Dao类实现登录的相关操作
*/
public boolean validate(String username,String password)throws Exception
{
boolean v = false;
if(!"xcp".equals(username))//如果用户名不等于xcp,就抛出一个异常
{
throw new UsernameException("用户名不正确");
}
else if(!"123".equals(password))))//如果密码不等于123,就抛出一个异常
{
throw new PasswordException("密码不正确");
}
else
{
v = true;
}
return v;
}
}
2.接收用户请求的LoginAction类
import org.topCSA.s2s.service.LoginService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport
{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String username;
private String password;
/*
* 我们通过Spring的IOC容器注入LoginService,从而减少类之间的依赖关系
*/
private LoginService loginService;
public LoginService getLoginService()
{
return loginService;
}
public void setLoginService(LoginService loginService)
{
this.loginService = loginService;
}
public String getUsername()
{
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username)
{
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword()
{
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public void validate()
{
/*
* 我们可以在这个方法类加一些输入验证 但是为了体现后面我们写的业务逻辑方法这就不验证
*/
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception
{
boolean result = loginService.validate(username, password);
if(result == true)
{
return SUCCESS;
}
else
{
return INPUT;
}
}
}
3.异常处理类
public class UsernameException extends Exception {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public UsernameException(){};
public UsernameException(String message)
{
super(message);
}
}
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public PasswordException(){}
public PasswordException(String message)
{
super(message);
}
}
三、配置struts.xml与applicationContext.xml
1.配置struts.properties,为了解决中文问题,具体用法参照struts2的用法如下:里面加上struts.i18n.encoding = gb2312,当然也可以直接加到struts.xml里面写法为<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="gbk"></constant>
2.配置struts.xml
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
< package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<action name="login" class="LoginAction">
<exception-mapping result="usernameInvalid" exception="org.topCSA.s2s.exception.UsernameException" />
<exception-mapping result="passwordInvalid" exception="org.topCSA.s2s.exception.PasswordException" />
<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
<result name="usernameInvalid">/usernameInvalid.jsp</result>
<result name="passwordInvalid">/passwordInvalid.jsp</result>
</action>
</ package>
</struts>
3.配置applicationContext.xml
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
<bean name="loginService" class="org.topCSA.s2s.service.LoginService" />
<bean name="LoginAction" class="org.topCSA.s2s.action.LoginAction">
<property name="loginService">
<ref bean="loginService"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>