mysql后台线程

master thread
核心的后台线程，主要负责将缓冲池中的数据异步刷新到磁盘，保证数据的一致性，包括脏页的刷新、合并插入缓冲、undo页的回收等。
IO thread
主要负责IO请求的回掉处理。分别为write、read、insert buffer和log IO thread。线程数量可以通过参数进行调整

mysql> show variables like 'innodb_version'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Variable_name: innodb_version
        Value: 5.5.49
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'innodb_%io_threads'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Variable_name: innodb_read_io_threads
        Value: 4
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Variable_name: innodb_write_io_threads
        Value: 4
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以通过innodb status来观察innodb中IO thread

mysql> show engine innodb status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
  Type: InnoDB
  Name: 
Status: 
=====================================
160620 13:08:00 INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT
=====================================
。。。。。。
--------
FILE I/O
--------
I/O thread 0 state: waiting for completed aio requests (insert buffer thread)
I/O thread 1 state: waiting for completed aio requests (log thread)
I/O thread 2 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 3 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 4 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 5 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 6 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 7 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 8 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 9 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)

purge thread
负责回收已经使用并分配的undo页，purge操作默认是由master thread中完成的，为了减轻master thread的工作，提高cpu使用率以及提升存储引擎的性能。用户可以在参数文件中添加如下命令来启动独立的purge thread

[mysqld]
innodb_purge_threads=1

innodb1.2版本开始支持多个purge thread，这样可以进一步加快undo页的回收。同时由于purge thread离散读取undo页，这样也进一步利用磁盘的随机读取性能

mysql> select version()\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
version(): 5.6.30-log
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'innodb_purge_threads';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name        | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| innodb_purge_threads | 4     |
+----------------------+-------+

page cleaner thread
执行脏页刷新操作