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Din's GMAT OG笔记（5）

21.
When limitations were in effect on nuclear-arms testing,people tended
to save more of their money, but when nuclear-arms testing increased,
people tended to spend more of their money. The perceived threat of
nuclear catastrophe, therefore, decreases the willingness of people
to postpone consumption for the sake of saving money.
The argument above assumes that
当限制核武试验时，人们可以省更多的钱，当核武试验增加时，人们花费更多的钱。因此
未来核灾难的威胁减少了人们省钱的意愿。
上述结论假定了：

A. the perceived threat of nuclear catastrophe has increased over the
years.
近年来未来核灾难的威胁增加了。

B. Most people supported the development of nuclear arms.
大多数的人们支持发展核武。

C. people's perception of threat of nuclear catastrophe depends on the
amount of nuclear-arms testing being done.
人们对核灾难的威胁的理解依赖于核武试验的次数。

D. the people who saved the most money when nuclear-arms testing was
limited were the ones who supported such limitations.
支持限制核武试验的人是那些当受限制时他们最能省钱的人。

E. there are more consumer goods available when nuclear-arms testing
increases.
当核武试验增加时会有更多的生活消费品。

分析：
A,显然不对，B，谁说的。C，命题是由核灾难的威胁->人们省钱的意愿.而条件是核武试验次
数->人们省钱的意愿所以核灾难的威胁->核武试验次数->人们省钱的意愿。所以C是正确答案
。D，错误。E，错误。

总结：
该题我认为是很高明的一道题。很有逻辑的味道。请注意类似选择假定条件的相同题。
     
comsumer goods n.
Goods, such as food and clothing, that satisfy human wants through
their direct consumption or use.
生活资料：（食物、衣服等）通过对其直接消耗或使用来满足人的需要的商品

postpone vt.
To place after in importance; subordinate.
放在次要位置，附属：在重要性上把…放在后面；置…于从属地位

catastrophe n.
A great, often sudden calamity.See Synonyms at disaster
大灾难：大的，通常是突然的灾难参见 disaster

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22.
Which of the following best completes the passage below?
People buy prestige when they buy a premium product.They want to be
associated with something special.Mass-marketing techniques and price-
reduction strategies should not be used because___.
下列那个最适合补全下面的句子。
当人们买一件昂贵的商品时，通常是为了面子，他们希望能显得与众不同。对这种商品大规模
销售和削价策略是不适用的，因为___.

A. affluent purchasers currently represent a shrinking portion of the
population of all purchasers.
有钱的消费者占整体消费者的比例在不断缩水。

B. continued sales depend directly on the maintenance of an aura of
exclusivity.
顾客的再次光顾取决于商家对排外感的氛围的很好把握

C. purchasers of premium products are concerned with the quality as
well as with the price of the products.
奢侈品的消费者即考虑质量由考虑价格。

D. expansion of the market niche to include a broader spectrum of
consumers will increase profits.
扩大市场范围到各种不同的消费者将增加产品获利。

E. manufacturing a premium brand is not necessarily more costly than
manufacturing a standard brand of the same product.
生成一种产品的高挡系列并不是必须要比生产该产品的普通系列花费的更多。

分析：
显然B是正确的。

spectrum
A broad sequence or range of related qualities, ideas, or activities:
系列，范围，幅度：相关质量、概念或活动的广大范围：

premium adj.
An unusual or high value:
非同寻常的或很高的价值：

aura n.
A distinctive but intangible quality that seems to surround a
person or thing; atmosphere:
氛围：看来好象围绕某人或某物的、明显的但不可触摸的特征；气氛：

price reduction n.
削价

mass marketing n.
大规模销售

prestige n.
The level of respect at which one is regarded by others; standing.
声望：被他人尊敬的程度；身份，名声
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23.
A cost-effective solution to the problem of airport congestion is to
provide high-speed ground transportation between major cities lying 200
to 500 miles apart. The successful implementation of this plan would
cost far less than expanding existing airports and would also reduce
the number of airplanes clogging both airports and airways.
Which of the following,if true,could be proponents of the plan above
(and) most appropriately cite as a piece of evidence for the soundness
of their plan?
对于飞机场交通堵塞的一个划算的方案是在主要城市（飞行距离在200英里和500英里之间）间
提供高速地面运输。如果成功实现该计划则比扩大目前的飞机场要省很多费用而且可以减少
堵塞在机场和航线上飞机的数量。
下列那个为真，则最能支持上述计划并能作为一项证据来加强该计划的逻辑完备性。

A. An effective high-speed ground-transportation system would require
major repairs to many highways and mass-transit improvement.
有效的高速地面运输体系需要对许多高速公路做大量修改并改善交通工具。

B. One-half of all departing flights in the nation's busiest airport
head for a destination in a major city 225 miles away.
该国最繁忙的飞机场起飞的一半飞机的目的地是225英里远的一主要城市。

C. The majority of travelers departing from rural airports are flying
to destinations in cities over 600 miles away.
从乡下飞机场乘飞机的大多数的旅游者的目的地是600英里远的城市。

D. Many new airports are being built in areas that are presently served
by high-speed ground-transportation systems.
许多正在建造的新飞机场被建在目前由高速地面运输系统服务的地区。

E. A large proportion of air travelers are vacationers who are taking
long-distance flights.
大部分乘飞机的游客都是做长距离飞行的度假者。

分析：
除B外，都是削弱命题的，所以B正确。

rural adj.
Of, relating to, or characteristic of the country.
农村的，田园的：农村的，与乡村有关的，具有乡村特点的

head for v.
出发, 动身, 前往

mass transit n.
公共交通, 公共交通工具(总称）

congestion n.
交通堵塞
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24.
If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international
oil prices,domestic oil prices in open-market countries such as the
United States will rise as well, whether such countries import all or
none of their oil.
if the statement in the passage concerning oil-supply disruptions is
true,which of the following policies in an open-market nation is most
likely to reduce the long-term economic impact on that nation of sharp
and unexpected increases in international oil prices?
如果石油供给的中断导致国际原油价格的上涨，则例如美国这样的开放市场国家的本国油价也
会随之上涨，不论这些国家的石油是全部来自进口还是一点也不进口。
如果上上段中关于石油供给中断的情况是真的，一个开放市场国家最可能使用下列那种政策来
减少由于国际原油价格突然急速上涨造成的对该国的长期经济冲击。

A. Maintaining the quantity of oil imported at constant yearly levels.
保持进口油的数量每年在一个常数级别。

B. Increasing the number of oil tankers in its fleet.
增加舰队中油轮的数量。

C. Suspending diplomatic relations with major oil-producing nations.
与主要原油生产国终止外交关系。

D. Decreasing oil consumption through conservation.
通过节约以减少原油消耗。

E. Decreasing domestic production of oil
减少国内原油产量。

分析:
显然是D.

conservation n.
The controlled use and systematic protection of natural resources,
such as forests, soil, and water systems.
保护自然资源：对森林、土壤及水利系统等自然资源的有节制的使用及系统的保护

tanker n.
A ship, plane, or truck constructed to transport liquids, such as oil,
in bulk. 油罐车：为运输大量液体（比如油料）而造的轮船、飞机或卡车
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25.
If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international
oil prices, domestic oil prices in open-market countries such as
United States will rise as well, whether such countries import all or
none of their oil.
Which of the following conclusions in best supported by the statement
in the passage?
如果石油供给的中断导致国际原油价格的上涨，则例如美国这样的开放市场国家的本国油价也
会随之上涨，不论这些国家的石油是全部来自进口还是一点也不进口。
下列结论那个最支持上述句子。

A. Domestic producers of oil in open-market countries are excluded
from the international oil market when there is a disruption in the
international oil supply.
当国际原油供给的中断时，一个开放市场的国家的本国原油生产商是被排除在国际原油市场之
外的。

B. International oil-supply disruptions have little, if any, effect on
the price of domestic oil as long as an open-market country has
domestic supplies capable of meeting domestic demand.
国际原油供给中断对本国原油价格的影响，即使有也很少，只要开发市场国家的本国供给能力
满足本国的需求。

C. The oil market in an open-market country is actually part of the
international oil market, even if most of that' country's domestic
oil is usually sold to consumers whthin its bourders.
一个开放市场国家的原油市场实际是国际原油市场的一部分，即使这些国家的大多数的本国
原油通常仅在售给本国的消费者。

D. Open-market countries that export little or none of their oil can
maintain stable domestic oil prices even when international oil prices
rise sharply.
出口很少或不出口原油的开放市场国家可以保持稳定的本国原油价格，即使当国际原油价格
急剧上升。

E. if international oil prices rise, domestic distributors of oil in
open-market countries will begin to improt more oil than they export.
当国际原油价格上涨时，开放市场国家的本国原油批发商将增加进口减少出口。

分析：
显然是C

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