=====================
Din's GMAT OG笔记（6）

----------------------------------------------------------------------
26.

The average normal infant born in the United States weighs between
twelve and fourteen pounds at the age of three months. Therefore, if a
three-month-old child weighs only ten pounds,its weight gain has been
below the United States average.
Which of following indicates a flaw in the reasoning above?
美国新生儿3月平均体重在12到14磅之间。因此，如果一个3月大的婴儿体重只有10磅的话，
他/她的体重增长低于美国国家平均标准。
下列那个指出上文推理的一个明显缺陷？

A. Weight is only one measure of normal infant development.
体重是衡量普通婴儿发育的唯一标准。

B. Some three-mont-old children weigh as much as seventeen pounds.
某些3月大的婴儿体重有17磅。

C. It is possible for a normal child to weigh ten pounds at birth.
可能存在普通婴儿出生时就有10磅重的情况。

D. The phrase "below average" does not necessarily mean insufficient.
“低于平均值”并不一定意味着发育不良。

E. Average weight gain is not the same as average weight.
平均体重增长并不等同于平均体重。

分析：
显然是E

infant n.
A child in the earliest period of life, especially before he or
she can walk.
婴儿，幼儿：处于生命早期阶段的小孩，尤指他或她还不会走路之时。
----------------------------------------------------------------------

27.
Red blood cells in which the malarial-fever parasite resides are
eliminated from a person's body after 120 days. Because the parasite
cannot travel to a new generation of red blood cells, any fever that
develops in a person more than 120 days after that person has moved to
a malaria-free region is not due to the malarial parasite.
Which is the following,if true,most seriously weakens the conclusion
above?
疟原虫寄生的红血球将会在病人体内存活120天。因为疟原虫不能转移到新出生的
红血球上，所以如果一个发烧的病人被隔离在一个没有疟原的环境下超过120天后，发烧
依然存在，则导致病人发烧的一定不是疟原虫。
下列，如果为真，那个最能削弱上面的结论？

A. The fever caused by the malarial parasite may resemble the fever
caused by flu viruses.
由疟原虫引起的发烧可能与由流感病毒引起的发烧症状很相象。

B. The anopheles mosquito, which is the principal insect carrier of
the malarial parasite, has been eradicated in many parts of the world.
在世界上的大多地方，疟原虫的主要昆虫携带者——疟蚊已经被根除。

C. Many malarial symptoms other than the fever, which can be
suppressed with anti-malarial medication, can reappear within 120 days
after the medication is discontinued.
许多除发烧外疟原虫引起的其它症状，可能由于抗疟药物的作用而不会出现，如果在120天内
不继续用药的话，这些症状可能会重新出现。

D. In some cases, the parasite that causes malarial fever travels to
cells of the spleen, which are less frequently eliminated from a
person's body than are red blood cells.
在某些情况下，导致发烧的疟原虫侵入了脾脏细胞,而脾细胞并不会像红血球那样快的死亡。

E. In any region infested with malaria-carrying mosquitoes, there are
individuals who appear to be immune to malaria.
在任何大量滋生疟蚊的地方，都存在某些人对疟疾免疫。

分析:
显然选D.

spleen
n.脾

mptom
n.[医][植]症状, 征兆

eradicate vt.
To get rid of as if by tearing up by the roots:
清除，扑灭，根绝：象连根拔起一样消灭

anopheles mosquito n.
Any of various mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles,  which can carry the
malaria parasite and transmit the disease to human beings. 疟蚊：一种疟蚊属
的蚊子，带有疟疾寄生虫并把疾病传播到人身

parasite n.
Biology An organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a
different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its
host.
【生物学】 寄生生物：一种在另一有机体上生长并以该有机体维持生存或蔽护但对宿主的生
存毫无益处的生物
malarial parasite
疟原虫
----------------------------------------------------------------------
28. Fact 1: Television advertising is becoming less effective: the
proportion of brand names promoted on television that viewers of the
advertising can recall is slowly decreasing.

Fact 2 : Televisoin viewers recall commercials aired first or last in
a cluster of consecutive commercials far better than they recall
commericals aired somewhere in the middle.

Fact 2 would be most likely to contribute to an explanation of fact 1
if which of the following were also true?

事实1：电视广告正在逐渐失效：出现在电视上的公司名字能被观众记住的数量正在缓慢下降。
事实2：对一堆连续播放的广告来说，电视观众对于第一个或最后一个播放的广告的记忆效果
要好于在中间播放的广告。
下列那个为真，则最能与事实2一起成为事实1成立的解释。

A. The average television viewer currently recalls fewer than half the
brand names promoted in commercials he or she saw.
当观看广告时，电视观众平均能记住不到一半出现的公司名字

B. The total time allotted to the average cluster of consecutive
televison commercials is decreasing.
分配给一堆连续播放的广告的总时间正在逐渐缩短。

C. The average number of hours  per day that people spend watching
televison is decreasing.
人们每天看电视的平均小时数正在减少。

D. The average number of clusters of consecutive commercials per hour
of televison is increasing.
每小时电视中插播的连续广告的平均次数正在增多。

E. The average number of television commercials in a cluster of
consecutive commercials is increasing.
连续广告中广告的平均数量正在增多。

分析：
A. 记住不到一半，是定值，不能说明，错误。
B. 总时间减少，不能说明广告次数的增减，不正确。
C. 看电视时间减少，则看广告减少，不能说明。
D. 连续广告次数增多，不一定广告数增多，不能说明
E. 广告次数增多，观众只记开始和末尾，说明记住的数量下降。

总结：
这种问题是选项+FACT2=>FACT1的类型。

allot vt.
To parcel out; distribute or apportion:
分配；分发，分拨：

air vt.
播送在电视或无线电里播送：
To broadcast on television or radio

----------------------------------------------------------------------
29.
The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease
has dropped significantly in a rural county this year. as compared to
last year.Health officials attribute this decrease entirely to
improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for
cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease.
某乡村被检查患某种肠道疾病的人数与去年相比有了明显的下降。卫生官员把这种下降全部归
结于有净水作用的植物改善了当地的卫生状况——由于水变的干净了，所以疾病的影响范围减小
了。

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health
officals' explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?
下列那个如果为真，将最严重的削弱卫生官员对于疾病影响范围的解释。

A. Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five
years in the rural county.
在过去5年中，该村种了许多新的有净水作用的植物

B. Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly
different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal
disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.
患有肠道疾病的人消耗的瓶装矿泉水数量与未患肠道疾病的人相比并没有太大的区别。

C. Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this
year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are
now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.
由于新的检查技术，许多人那年没有被查出患有肠道疾病的人，现在被查出患有肠道溃烂。

D. Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who
contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the
disease.
由于医疗技术的进步，很少有患有肠道疾病的人会有强烈的发病。

E. The water in the rual county was brought up the sanitary standards
of the water in neighboring counties ten years ago.
该村的水的卫生标准与邻村10年前的相同。

分析
注意题意，C是正确的。
ring water
矿泉水

ulcer
n.溃疡, 腐烂物

or relating to health. 健康的健康的或与之有关的

intestinal adj. Of, relating to, or constituting the intestine:
肠的属于、关于、或组成肠的：

----------------------------------------------------------------------
30. The price the govemment pays for standard weapons purchased from
military contractors is determined by a pricing method called
"historical costing" Historical costing allows contractors to protect
their profits by adding a percentage increase, based on the current
rate of inflation, to the previous year's contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a
criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing
method for military contracts?
政府付给武器承包商购买常规武器的价格由一个称为“历史成本法”的定价方法决定。该方法
根据当前的通货膨胀率，在前年的协议价格基础上增加相应的百分比，来保护承包商的利益。
下列哪个，如果为真，则能置疑“历史成本法”作为经济上健全的军事合同定价方法的地位。

A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of
funds
政府可能继续为过去的无效投资负费。

B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty
years.
通涨率在过去的20年中变化幅度很大。

C. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of
materials used for the products.
生产资料的成本会对协议价影响很大。

D. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends
on military contracts.
许多纳税人置疑政府用于购买武器的支出总数。

E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage
the development of innovative weapons.
基于“历史成本法”的定价方法可能无法激励创新型武器的开发。

分析：
A. 正确 B,C,支持，错误。D，不相关 E，常规武器不是创新型武器

发表于 @ 2004年09月27日　23:06:00 | 评论( loading... ) | 编辑| 举报| 收藏

旧一篇:走火入魔的Paradigm shift | 新一篇:购书（2004.09.26)