localtime 和 localtime

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/maocl1983/article/details/6221810

本文通过实例代码分析了C++中localtime和localtime_r的区别，指出localtime不是线程安全的，而localtime_r是可重入的，适合多线程环境。并展示了如何使用localtime_r修正程序以避免数据重写问题。

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上程序：

#include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <time.h> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { time_t tNow =time(NULL); time_t tEnd = tNow + 1800; //注意下面两行的区别 struct tm* ptm = localtime(&tNow); struct tm* ptmEnd = localtime(&tEnd); char szTmp[50] = {0}; strftime(szTmp,50,"%H:%M:%S",ptm); char szEnd[50] = {0}; strftime(szEnd,50,"%H:%M:%S",ptmEnd); printf("%s /n",szTmp); printf("%s /n",szEnd); system("PAUSE"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }

最后出来的结果是：

21:18:39

和最初想法不一致。

查阅localtime的文档，发现这段话：

This structure is statically allocated and shared by the functions gmtime and localtime. Each time either one of these functions is called the content of this structure is overwritten.

也就是说每次只能同时使用localtime()函数一次，要不就会被重写！

The localtime() function need not be reentrant. A function that is not required to be reentrant is not required to be thread-safe.

因此localtime()不是可重入的。同时libc里提供了一个可重入版的函数localtime_r()；

Unlike localtime(), the reentrant version is not required to set tzname。

修改程序：

#include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <time.h> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { time_t tNow =time(NULL); time_t tEnd = tNow + 1800; //在这里修改程序 //struct tm* ptm = localtime(&tNow); //struct tm* ptmEnd = localtime(&tEnd); struct tm ptm = { 0 }; struct tm ptmEnd = { 0 }; localtime_r(&tNow, &ptm); localtime_r(&tEnd, &ptmEnd); char szTmp[50] = {0}; strftime(szTmp,50,"%H:%M:%S",&ptm); char szEnd[50] = {0}; strftime(szEnd,50,"%H:%M:%S",&ptmEnd); printf("%s /n",szTmp); printf("%s /n",szEnd); system("PAUSE"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }

最后出来的结果是：

10:29:06
10:59:06