读书笔记 <Bootstrap Yourself with Linux USB Stack>

读书笔记 <Bootstrap Yourself with Linux USB Stack>

第一章 USB and Linux Introduction

1. 关于USB的硬件
   三种类型:
   

   USB Transceiver, 通常包含一个USB core在芯片上
   Standalone USB Controller, transceiver + digital portion
   Integrated USB Controller,
   

2. 
   

第二章 USB: An Overview

1. USB System Architecture
   
   
   分为三个主要部分:
       USB device
       USB host
       USB interconnect
   
   
2. USB host
   
   HCD: host control driver
   USBD: USB driver
   IRP: input/output request packets
   
   它由以下几部分组成:
       Client Software
       USB System Software
       Host Controller
   
   
3. USB Device
   
   它由以下3部分组成:
       Function
       USB Logical Device
       USB Bus Interface
   
   
4. USB Host和USB Device之间如何交互
   
   
   Endpoint, 一个device可以根据其function提供多个endpoint, 每个以device address, endpoint number, endpoint direction唯一标识.
       Endpoint Zero是一个特殊的endpoint, 每个device都必须要实现它. 它供Usb host初始化和获得device的信息.
       Endpoint需要通过以下几点描述它自己:
       The bus access frequency/latency requirement
       The bandwidth requirement   
       The endpoint number
       The error-handling behavior requirements
       The maximum packet size that the endpoint is capable of sending or receiving
       The transfer type for the endpoint
       The direction in which data is transferred between the endpoint and thehost
   
   
   pipe, 它用来在逻辑上表示device endpoint和host software之间的联系. 最重要的一个pipe, 是用来连接host和endpoint zero的.
      stream pipe, 非USB-define format的数据
      message pipe, USB-define format的数据
   
   
5. Enumeration
   它由host和device侧的USB logical layer共同配合完成.
   USB标准定义了标注流程:
   1. The USB device is attached to the host, which receives an event indicating a change in the pipe’s status. The USB device is in the powered state, and the port it is attached to is disabled.
   2. The host queries about the change in the bus.
   3. Once the host determines that a new device is attached, it waits for at least 100ms for the device to become stable after power, after which it enables and resets the port.
   4. After a successful reset, the USB device is in a default state and can draw power to a range of 100 mA from VBUS pin.
   5. Once the device is in a default state, the host assigns a unique address to the USB device, which moves the device to an address state.
   6. The host starts communicating with the USB device in the default control pipe and reads the device descriptor.
   7. Subsequently, the host reads the device configuration information.
   8. The host selects the configuration, which move the device to a configured state and makes it ready for use.
   
   
   Description
   标准定义device, configuration,interface, endpoint, string五类description.
   
   
   
6. USB Transfers
   定义了4种transfer, 它们都描述了下述的属性:
   n Direction of communication flow
   n Constraint in the packet size
   n Bus access constraints
   n Latency constraints
   n Required data sequences
   n Error handling
   
   Control Transfer,
   Bulk Transfer, 大数据
   Interrupt Transfer, 小数据
   Isochronous Transfer, audio,video之类的实时大数据
   
   
7. 一些重要术语
   Short packet. A short packet can be defined as a packet whose payload is
   shorter than the maximum size or zero length packet (ZLP). A short
   packet could indicate the end of a transfer.
   Zero length packet (ZLP). A zero length data packet transfer does not
   contain data as part of the transfer. When the data to be sent is an exact
   multiple of wMaxPacketSize, a ZLP has to be sent after the data transfer
   is complete to indicate the end of the transfer. Sometimes a ZLP feature
   is implemented as part of the hardware or has to be taken care when
   designing Chapter 9/USB.
   STALL. A STALL indicates that a function is unable to transmit or
   receive data or that even a control pipe request is not supported. The
   state of a function after returning a STALL is undefined.
   
   

第三章, Overview of the linux USB Subsystem

1. Linux kernel中的USB相关代码结构
   
   
   
   
2. 关于Gadget subsystem
   USB controller driver实现了USB device controller, 它