Java异常: "2 字节的 UTF-8 序列的字节 2 无效。"的解决方案

在启动Tomcat时, 出现以下的异常：

七月 13, 2017 6:49:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.2.10 using APR version 1.5.2.
七月 13, 2017 6:49:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
七月 13, 2017 6:49:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
警告: Catalina.start using conf/server.xml: 
com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.MalformedByteSequenceException: 2 字节的 UTF-8 序列的字节 2 无效。
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.UTF8Reader.invalidByte(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.UTF8Reader.read(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityScanner.load(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityScanner.scanData(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.scanComment(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanComment(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1685)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:524)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:562)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:261)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
七月 13, 2017 6:49:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
警告: Catalina.start using conf/server.xml: 
com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.MalformedByteSequenceException: 2 字节的 UTF-8 序列的字节 2 无效。
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.UTF8Reader.invalidByte(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.UTF8Reader.read(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityScanner.load(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityScanner.scanData(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.scanComment(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanComment(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1685)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:524)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:582)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)
七月 13, 2017 6:49:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: Cannot start server. Server instance is not configured.

如下, 以下问题肯定出现在Tomcat目录下的server.xml文件中:

话不多说:

解决方案(推荐第一种):

1. 仔细查看Tomcat安装目录下的server.xml文件(本人安装路径为: D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.48\conf\server.xml), 将里面可能出现的中文注释全部删除掉;

2. 将原xml文件首行： <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

修改为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>即可.

总结思考:

在遇到问题时, 千万不要怕! 因果循环, 任何问题出现, 一定有其发生的原因!

解决问题的思路，远比解决问题的手段更重要。

尤其, 遇到这样的问题时, 首先, 我们就要认真地看报错信息, 寻找问题发生的根本所在, 一些英文信息没有那么可怕,

同时也可以借助翻译软件来帮忙, 然后再是仔细想想自己之前做过什么操作, 是什么时间节点后出现这个问题,

如果实现不行, 就借助搜索引擎! 当然, 自己在搜索的过程中, 也一定要思考, 如"UTF-8 ", "字节"等等信息, 我们就可以考虑到, 有可能是编码的问题!

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