Android WIFI框架分析（1）

趁做Android WIFI驱动移植，对Android WIFI框架做了深刻的分析，并做此文档共同学习。

       对上层WIFI的应用，基本流程为：（1）WIFI初始化  （2）Wifi启动      （3）开始扫描AP        （4）显示扫描的AP      （5）配置AP        （6）连接AP     （7）获取IP地址      （8）上网            

一、Android WIFI模块初始化

上文Android系统启动分析  讲到在SystemServer中实例化了ConnectivityService，接着的便是WIFI初始化：
frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
ConnectivityService 的构造函数会创建WifiService，

if (DBG) Log.v(TAG, "Starting Wifi Service.");
      WifiStateTracker wst = new WifiStateTracker(context, mHandler);
      WifiService wifiService = new WifiService(context, wst);
      ServiceManager.addService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE, wifiService);

WifiStateTracker 会创建WifiMonitor接收来自底层的事件，WifiService 和WifiMonitor 是整个模块的核心。WifiService负责启动关闭wpa_supplicant、启动关闭WifiMonitor监视线程和把命令下发给wpa_supplicant，而WifiMonitor 则负责从wpa_supplicant 接收事件通知。
具体流程图如下：

二、WIFI模块启动

         WirelessSettings 在初始化的时候配置了由WifiEnabler 来处理Wifi 按钮 WirelessSettings 在初始化的时候配置了由WifiEnabler 来处理Wifi 按钮     

Packages\apps\settings\src\com\android\settings\WirelessSettings.java
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.wireless_settings);
        initToggles();
        mAirplaneModePreference = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference(KEY_TOGGLE_AIRPLANE);
    }
private void initToggles() {
    …………
    mWifiEnabler = new WifiEnabler(
                this, (WifiManager) getSystemService(WIFI_SERVICE),
                (CheckBoxPreference) wifiPreference);
…………
}

        当用户按下Wifi 按钮后，Android 会调用WifiEnabler的onPreferenceChange，再由WifiEnabler调用WifiManager 的setWifiEnabled接口函数，通过AIDL，实际调用的是WifiService 的setWifiEnabled 函数，WifiService接着向自身发送一条MESSAGE_ENABLE_WIFI 消息，在处理该消息的代码中做真正的使能工作：
首先装载WIFI 内核模块（该模块的位置硬编码为"/system/lib/modules/libertas_sdio.ko" ），
然后启动wpa_supplicant （ 配置文件硬编码为"/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf"），再通过WifiStateTracker 来启动WifiMonitor 中的监视线程。
WifiEnabler.java

public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference preference, Object value) {
        // Turn on/off Wi-Fi
        setWifiEnabled((Boolean) value);        
    }
private void setWifiEnabled(final boolean enable) {
        if (!mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(enable)) {
        }
    }  

WifiManager.java
 public boolean setWifiEnabled(boolean enabled) {
            return mService.setWifiEnabled(enabled);
    }
 IWifiManager mService;
 interface IWifiManager{
    …………
    boolean startScan(boolean forceActive);
    boolean setWifiEnabled(boolean enable);
 …………
 }
IWifiManger.aidl编译后生成了IWifiManger.java，并生成IWifiManger.Stub（服务器端抽象类）和IWifiManger.Stub.Proxy（客户端代理实现类）。WifiService通过继承IWifiManger.Stub实现，而客户端通过getService()函数获取IWifiManger.Stub.Proxy（即Service的代理类），将其作为参数传递给WifiManger，供其与WifiService通信时使用。
WifiService.java 

public boolean setWifiEnabled(boolean enable) {
…………
sendEnableMessage(enable, true, Binder.getCallingUid());
    …………
}
private void sendEnableMessage(boolean enable, boolean persist, int uid) {
        Message msg = Message.obtain(mWifiHandler,
                                     (enable ? MESSAGE_ENABLE_WIFI : MESSAGE_DISABLE_WIFI),
                                     (persist ? 1 : 0), uid);
        msg.sendToTarget();
    }
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_ENABLE_WIFI:
                    setWifiEnabledBlocking(true, msg.arg1 == 1, msg.arg2);
                case MESSAGE_START_WIFI:                  
                    mWifiStateTracker.restart(); 
               case MESSAGE_DISABLE_WIFI:                 
                    setWifiEnabledBlocking(false, msg.arg1 == 1, msg.arg2);              
                case MESSAGE_STOP_WIFI:
                    mWifiStateTracker.disconnectAndStop();
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
private boolean setWifiEnabledBlocking(boolean enable, boolean persist, int uid) {
if (enable) {
            if (!WifiNative.loadDriver()) {               
                setWifiEnabledState(WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN, uid);
            }
            if (!WifiNative.startSupplicant()) {
                WifiNative.unloadDriver();             
                setWifiEnabledState(WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN, uid);
            }
            registerForBroadcasts();
            mWifiStateTracker.startEventLoop();
        } else {
  ………………
  }
    // Success!       
        setWifiEnabledState(eventualWifiState, uid);
}
private void setWifiEnabledState(int wifiState, int uid) {
 // Broadcast
        final Intent intent = new Intent(WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);
}
 JNI android_net_wifi_wifi.cpp
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/*
* JNI registration.
*/
static JNINativeMethod gWifiMethods[] = {
    /* name, signature, funcPtr */
    { "loadDriver", "()Z",  (void *)android_net_wifi_loadDriver },   
    { "startSupplicant", "()Z",  (void *)android_net_wifi_startSupplicant },   
    { "scanResultsCommand", "()Ljava/lang/String;", (void*) android_net_wifi_scanResultsCommand },      
    { "reconnectCommand", "()Z",  (void *)android_net_wifi_reconnectCommand },  
    { "scanCommand", "(Z)Z", (void*) android_net_wifi_scanCommand },
}
1）static jboolean android_net_wifi_loadDriver(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
{
    return (jboolean)(::wifi_load_driver() == 0);
}
2）static jboolean android_net_wifi_startSupplicant(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
{
    return (jboolean)(::wifi_start_supplicant() == 0);
}
3）WifiStateTracker.java
mWifiStateTracker.startEventLoop();
public void startEventLoop() {
        mWifiMonitor.startMonitoring();
    }
//WifiMonitor.java
public void startMonitoring() {
        new MonitorThread().start();
    }

当使能成功后，会广播发送WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION 这个Intent 通知外界WIFI已经成功使能了。// Success!后广播的。

http://blog.csdn.net/yicao821/article/details/6895044