仿照windows的loader实现的pe-loader_peload源程序-CSDN博客

本人接触pe文件格式不久，参考网上的一些资料写了一个pe loader，主要是通过把需要加载的文件的所所有section加载到相应的RVA上，然后进行重定位处理、导入表和导出表处理、资源段处理。由于本loader.exe会被加载到0x0f400000处，因此可以把0x400000给被加载的文件预留了，这样可以避免重定位所带来的性能损耗。导入表的处理主要是通过调用GetProcAddress获取导入表中函数的地址。导出表一般仅在dll中使用，而此主要是用于load exe文件，所以不用做任何处理。资源段处理资料不多，我这里好像有些问题，加载console程序可以正常执行，但是当加载一部分gui程序则不能成功，而令一些gui程序则会成功。望高手能指教一二。
下面是源代码部分：

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/*
*LocalFile是对读文件操作的一个简单封装
*/
//LocalFile.h
#pragma once

class CLocalFile
{
public:
    CLocalFile(const char * name);
    ~CLocalFile(void);

    int Read(size_t offset, size_t size, void *ppBuf);

    size_t GetSize() const { return m_size;}

private:
    HANDLE           m_fd;
    size_t          m_size;
};

//LocalFile.cpp
#include "LocalFile.h"

CLocalFile::CLocalFile(const char * name)
{
    assert(NULL != name);
    assert(0 != name[0]);

    m_fd = CreateFileA(name, GENERIC_READ,
                        FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,
                        OPEN_EXISTING,
                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == m_fd) {
        printf("Open file %s failed, error: %d!/n",name, GetLastError());
        return ;
    }

    m_size = GetFileSize(m_fd, NULL);
    return;
}

CLocalFile::~CLocalFile(void)
{
    if (NULL != m_fd) {
        CloseHandle(m_fd);
    }
}

int CLocalFile::Read(size_t offset,
                     size_t size,
                     void * pBuf)
{
    DWORD ret;
    ULONG rdsize;

    ret = SetFilePointer(m_fd, offset, NULL, FILE_BEGIN);
    if (INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER == ret) {
        ret = GetLastError();
        printf("Seek file failed, error: %d!/n", ret);
        return ret;
    }

    if (!ReadFile(m_fd, pBuf, size, &rdsize, NULL)) {
        ret = GetLastError();
        printf("Read file failed, error: %d/n", ret);
        return ret;
    }

    return 0;
}

//loader.cpp

#include "LocalFile.h"

/*把该loader.exe的加载地址设置为0x0f400000,从而可以把0x00400000地址
*预留给将要被加载的程序，从而可以避免因地址重定位而带来的性能损耗。
*/
#pragma comment(linker, "/BASE:0x0f400000")

inline int CDECL DebugPrint(const char *fmt,...)
{
    int nLength = 0;
#if defined(_DEBUG)
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, fmt);
    nLength = vprintf(fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
#endif
    return nLength;
}

void DumpPeInfo(PeInfo *pInfo)
{
    DebugPrint("------------headers info------------/n" /
               "imageBase:        0x%x. /n" /
               "entryPoint:       0x%x. /n" /
               "sections:         0x%x. /n" /
               "imageSize:        0x%x. /n" /
               "exportRva:        0x%x. /n" /
               "exportSize:       0x%x. /n" /
               "importRva:        0x%x. /n" /
               "importSize:       0x%x. /n" /
               "resourceRva:      0x%x. /n" /
               "resourceSize:     0x%x. /n" /
               "relocRva:         0x%x. /n" /
               "relocSize:        0x%x. /n" /
               "debugRva:         0x%x. /n" /
               "debugSize:        0x%x. /n" /
               "offsetSections:   0x%x. /n" /
               "fileType:         %s. /n",
                pInfo->imageBase,
                pInfo->entryPoint,
                pInfo->sections,
                pInfo->imageSize,
                pInfo->exRva,
                pInfo->exSize,
                pInfo->imRva,
                pInfo->imSize,
                pInfo->resRva,
                pInfo->resSize,
                pInfo->relocRva,
                pInfo->relocSize,
                pInfo->dbgRva,
                pInfo->dbgSize,
                pInfo->offsetSection,
                pInfo->fileType == 0 ? "exe":"dll");
}

BOOL IsPEFile(CLocalFile& lf)
{
    IMAGE_DOS_HEADER dh;
    IMAGE_NT_HEADERS nh;

    lf.Read(0, sizeof(IMAGE_DOS_HEADER), &dh);
    if (IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE != dh.e_magic) {
        return FALSE;
    }

    lf.Read(dh.e_lfanew, sizeof(IMAGE_NT_HEADERS), &nh);
    if (IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE != nh.Signature) {
        return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL ParseNTHeader(CLocalFile &lf, PeInfo &pe)
{
    IMAGE_DOS_HEADER dh;
    IMAGE_NT_HEADERS nh;
    PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER pfh;
    PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32 poh;

    lf.Read(0, sizeof(IMAGE_DOS_HEADER), &dh);
    pe.offsetSection = dh.e_lfanew + sizeof(IMAGE_NT_HEADERS);
    lf.Read(dh.e_lfanew, sizeof(IMAGE_NT_HEADERS), &nh);

    pfh = &nh.FileHeader;
    poh = &nh.OptionalHeader;

    assert(IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386 == pfh->Machine);
    assert(pfh->SizeOfOptionalHeader == sizeof(IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32));

    pe.sections = pfh->NumberOfSections;
    pe.imageBase = poh->ImageBase;
    pe.entryPoint = poh->AddressOfEntryPoint;
    pe.imageSize = poh->SizeOfImage;

    pe.exRva = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].VirtualAddress;
    pe.exSize = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].Size;
    pe.imRva = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT].VirtualAddress;
    pe.imSize = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT].Size;
    pe.resRva = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE].VirtualAddress;
    pe.resSize = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE].Size;
    pe.relocRva = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].VirtualAddress;
    pe.relocSize = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].Size;
    pe.dbgRva = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG].VirtualAddress;
    pe.dbgSize = poh->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG].Size;

    pe.fileType = pfh->Characteristics == IMAGE_FILE_DLL ? IMAGE_FILE_DLL : 0;

    DumpPeInfo(&pe);

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL LoadSections(CLocalFile &lf, PeInfo &pe, MODULEINFO &mi)
{
    PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER psh, ptmp;
    DWORD protect = 0, oldProtect = 0;
    char name[9] = "/0";

    psh = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)_alloca(pe.sections * sizeof(IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER));
    if (NULL == psh) {
        printf("Memory not enough!/n");
        return FALSE;
    }
    lf.Read(pe.offsetSection, pe.sections * sizeof(IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER), psh);
    ptmp = psh;

    DebugPrint("/n/n------------sections info------------/n" /
               "name/tVA/tSOD/tPTR/tPTR/tPTL/tNOR/tNOL/tCrt/n");

    /* 循环从被加载的文件中读取各个section内容，并存放在该section所指定的
     * VirtualAddress地址空间中。
     */
    for (int i = 0; i < pe.sections; ++i, ptmp++) {
        memcpy(name, ptmp->Name, 8);

        if (NULL != ptmp->PointerToRawData && 0 != ptmp->SizeOfRawData) {
            lf.Read(ptmp->PointerToRawData,
                        ptmp->SizeOfRawData,
                        (void *)((DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll + ptmp->VirtualAddress));
        }

        /* 此处代码主要功能是根据各个区段的Characteristics值，
         * 来设置其所在内存的页属性，但因在RelocPeModule机制重定位时还需要对相关内存
         * 进行写入，因此此处的代码应该在RelocPeModule函数调用之后才能执行。
         */
#if 0
        if (ptmp->Characteristics & IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ) {
            protect = PAGE_READONLY;
        }
        if (ptmp->Characteristics & IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE) {
            protect = PAGE_READWRITE;
        }
        if (ptmp->Characteristics & IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE) {
            if (protect & PAGE_READONLY) {
                protect = PAGE_EXECUTE_READ;
            }
            else if (protect & PAGE_READWRITE) {
                protect = PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE;
            }
            else {
                protect = PAGE_EXECUTE;
            }
        }

        if (!VirtualProtect((LPVOID)(ptmp->VirtualAddress + (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll),
                            ptmp->SizeOfRawData, protect, &oldProtect)) {
            printf("Set memory protection failed, error: %d/n", GetLastError());
            return FALSE;
        }
#endif
        DebugPrint("%-8s" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/t" /
                   "0x%x/n",
                   name,
                   ptmp->VirtualAddress,
                   ptmp->SizeOfRawData,
                   ptmp->PointerToRawData,
                   ptmp->PointerToRelocations,
                   ptmp->PointerToLinenumbers,
                   ptmp->NumberOfRelocations,
                   ptmp->NumberOfLinenumbers,
                   ptmp->Characteristics);
    }

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL FixupResource(PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY pRes, DWORD imagebase, int offsetRlc)
{
    PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY pEntry;
    DWORD nEntries;

    nEntries = pRes->NumberOfIdEntries + pRes->NumberOfNamedEntries;

    pEntry = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY)((DWORD)pRes + sizeof(IMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY));

    for (DWORD i = 0; i < nEntries; ++i, ++pEntry) {

        if (IMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_IS_DIRECTORY & pEntry->OffsetToData) {
            PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY pRes2;
            PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY pEntry2;
            DWORD nEntries2;

            pRes2 = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY)((DWORD)pRes
                        + (~IMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_IS_DIRECTORY & pEntry->OffsetToData));
            nEntries2 = pRes2->NumberOfIdEntries + pRes2->NumberOfNamedEntries;
            pEntry2 = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY)((DWORD)pRes2 + sizeof(IMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY));

            for (DWORD j = 0; j < nEntries2; ++j, ++pEntry2) {
                if (IMAGE_RESOURCE_NAME_IS_STRING & pEntry2->Name) {
                    PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIR_STRING_U pDirStr;
                    pDirStr = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIR_STRING_U)((DWORD)pRes
                                + (~IMAGE_RESOURCE_NAME_IS_STRING & pEntry2->Name));
                }
                if (IMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_IS_DIRECTORY & pEntry2->OffsetToData) {
                    PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY pRes3;
                    PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY pEntry3;
                    DWORD nEntries3;

                    pRes3 = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY)((DWORD)pRes
                                + (~IMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_IS_DIRECTORY & pEntry2->OffsetToData));
                    nEntries3 = pRes3->NumberOfIdEntries + pRes3->NumberOfNamedEntries;
                    pEntry3 = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY)((DWORD)pRes3 + sizeof(IMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY));

                    for (DWORD k = 0; k < nEntries3; ++k) {
                        PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_ENTRY pData;

                        assert(~IMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_IS_DIRECTORY & pEntry3->OffsetToData);

                        pData = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DATA_ENTRY)((DWORD)pRes + pEntry3->OffsetToData);
                        pData->OffsetToData += (DWORD)imagebase;
                    }
                }
            }

        }
    }

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL RelocPeModule(PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION pBlc, DWORD imagebase, int offsetRlc)
{
    DWORD vaddr, count, offset, type;
    WORD *items = NULL;

    while (NULL != pBlc->VirtualAddress) {
        vaddr = imagebase + pBlc->VirtualAddress;

        count = (pBlc->SizeOfBlock - sizeof(IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)) >> 1;
        items = (WORD *)((char *)pBlc + sizeof(IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION));

        for (DWORD i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
            offset = items[i] & 0x0fff;
            type = items[i] >> 12;

            if (type == 3) {
                *(DWORD *)(vaddr + offset) += offsetRlc;
            }
        }
        pBlc = (PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)(items + count);
    }

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL FixupExport(PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY pExp, DWORD imagebase)
{
    return TRUE;
}

BOOL FixupImport(PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR pImp, DWORD imagebase)
{
    PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA pOrgThunk, pFirstThunk;
    PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME pImportName;

    DebugPrint("/n/n------------import table info------------/n");

    while (NULL != pImp->OriginalFirstThunk) {
        pImp->Name += imagebase;

        DebugPrint("DLL: %s/n", pImp->Name);

        FARPROC fpFun;
        HINSTANCE hInstance = LoadLibraryA((LPCSTR)pImp->Name);
        if (NULL == hInstance) {
            printf("Load library %s failed, error: %d/n", pImp->Name, GetLastError());
            return FALSE;
        }

        pOrgThunk = (PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)(imagebase + pImp->OriginalFirstThunk);
        pFirstThunk = (PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)(imagebase + pImp->FirstThunk);

        while (NULL != *(DWORD *)pOrgThunk) {
            if (pOrgThunk->u1.Ordinal & IMAGE_ORDINAL_FLAG32) {
                fpFun = GetProcAddress(hInstance, (LPCSTR)(pOrgThunk->u1.Ordinal & 0x0000ffff));

                //DebugPrint("/t0x%x/n", pOrgThunk->u1.Ordinal);
            }
            else {
                pImportName = (PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME)(imagebase + pOrgThunk->u1.AddressOfData);
                fpFun = GetProcAddress(hInstance, (LPCSTR)pImportName->Name);

                //DebugPrint("/t%s/n", pImportName->Name);
            }

            //DebugPrint("/t/t0x%x/n", fpFun);

            pFirstThunk->u1.Ordinal = (LONG)fpFun;

            ++pFirstThunk;
            ++pOrgThunk;
        }
        FreeLibrary(hInstance);

        ++pImp;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

int LoadPeModule(const char * name, int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    CLocalFile lf(name);
    LPVOID addr;
    PeInfo pe;
    MODULEINFO mi;

    /* 验证是否为合法的pe文件 */
    assert(IsPEFile(lf));

    /* 处理nt header，获取pe文件的相关信息 */
    ParseNTHeader(lf, pe);

    /*为image按照imageBase优先原则分配空间地址。
     *如该空间地址已被reserved或commit，则重新分配一个可用的空间地址，
     *但此种情况下需要做基址重定位处理。*/
    addr = VirtualAlloc((LPVOID)(pe.imageBase),
                                pe.imageSize,
                                MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT,
                                PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
    if (NULL == addr) {
        printf("VirtualAlloc failed, error: %d/n", GetLastError());
        addr = VirtualAlloc(NULL, pe.imageSize, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
        if (NULL == addr) {
            printf("VirtualAlloc failed, error: %d/n", GetLastError());
            return -1;
        }
    }
    memset((void *)addr, 0, pe.imageSize);

    mi.EntryPoint = (LPVOID)pe.entryPoint;
    mi.lpBaseOfDll = (LPVOID)addr;
    mi.SizeOfImage = pe.imageSize;

    /* 把sections加载到内存 */
    LoadSections(lf, pe, mi);

    /* 如果实际分配的空间地址和pe文件的基址不一样，则需要做基址重定位处理 */
    if ((int)mi.lpBaseOfDll != pe.imageBase) {
        if (0 == pe.relocSize) {
            printf("Cannot reloc address!/n");
            return -1;
        }
        PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION pBrlc = (PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)((DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll + pe.relocRva);
        RelocPeModule(pBrlc, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll - pe.imageBase);
    }

    /* 如果该pe文件有导出表，则处理导出表区段 */
    if (0 != pe.exSize) {
        PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY pExp = (PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY)((DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll + pe.exRva);
        FixupExport(pExp, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll);
    }

    /* 如果pe文件有资源文件，则需要处理资源区段 */
    if (0 != pe.resSize) {
        PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY pRes = (PIMAGE_RESOURCE_DIRECTORY)((DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll + pe.resRva);
        FixupResource(pRes, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll - pe.imageBase);
    }

    /* 如果pe文件有导入表，则需要处理导入表区段 */
    if (0 != pe.imSize) {
        PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR pImp = (PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)((DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll + pe.imRva);
        FixupImport(pImp, (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll);
    }

    DebugPrint("/n/nentry: 0x%x/n/n", (DWORD)mi.EntryPoint + (DWORD)mi.lpBaseOfDll);

    /* 进入该pe文件的entry pointer，执行该pe文件 */
    __asm {
        push argc;
        push argv;
        mov eax, mi.EntryPoint;
        add eax, mi.lpBaseOfDll;
        call eax;
    }
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    //LoadPeModule("HelloWorld.exe", argc - 1, argv + 1);
    LoadPeModule("btnlook.exe", argc - 1, argv + 1);

    return 0;
}