limits.conf介绍

limits.conf用于实现对用户资源进行限制，如进程数/文件数等等。

文件存放在目录：/etc/security/limits.conf

大致的内容如下：

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - an user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open files
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#

#*               soft    core            0
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file

配置文件的编写格式为

<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>

test             hard   nofile   100

</pre><p>如上的含义为限制test账户最多只能同时打开100个文件，其中用户名可以使用*来代表所有用户。</p><p>至于type字段，有hard和soft两个选项，其中hard为严格限制，soft则为达到这个设定的阈值即产生告警，所以通常soft设定的值都比hard类型小。如果使用-代替，那么则代表同时设定soft和hard两种值。</p><p>修改完成后账号重新登录即可生效。</p><p>网上很多介绍说修改这个配置文件之后，需要确保在/etc/pam.d/login中包含如下配置：</p><p></p><pre name="code" class="plain">session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so   32位系统
session required /64lib/security/pam_limits.so 64位系统

不过我用的64位centos并没有这个配置，依旧可以生效，如果有没生效的可以把这个加上试试看。